Foreign residents who have lived legally in Portugal for at least five years now have a new way to request an appointment for permanent residency.
On November 5, 2026, Portugal’s Agency for Integration, Migration and Asylum (AIMA) announced a new option on its online contact form for requesting appointments to apply for permanent residence permits under Article 80 of Portugal’s immigration law.
Previously, applicants seeking this type of appointment were directed to email AIMA, often with little indication of when they might receive a response. The new option provides a dedicated online channel, although it does not mean that permanent residency applications can be completed online or that appointments will be available immediately.
Here’s what changed, who qualifies, and how to submit a request.
What Changed on November 5?
AIMA has introduced a specific online appointment-request category for people applying for permanent residency under Article 80 of Law No. 23/2007.
The change is particularly relevant to non-EU nationals including Americans, British citizens, Brazilians, and others who have been living in Portugal on temporary residence permits.
Previously, AIMA’s guidance directed applicants to request an appointment by emailing [email protected]. Eligible applicants can now use the AIMA online contact form instead.
This is an administrative change to the appointment process, not a change to permanent residency eligibility requirements. Applicants must still attend an in-person appointment with AIMA to formally submit their application.
What Is Article 80 of Portugal’s Immigration Law?
Article 80 of Law No. 23/2007 governs permanent residence permits for qualifying non-EU citizens who have held temporary residence permits in Portugal for at least five years.
Unlike temporary residency, permanent residence authorization has no fixed expiration date. However, the physical residence card must still be renewed every five years or when identification details change.
To qualify, applicants must meet several conditions including:
Holding a temporary residence permit for at least five years.
Having sufficient financial resources and accommodation
Demonstrating basic knowledge of Portuguese.
Having their Portuguese tax and Social Security obligations in order.
Meeting the criminal-record requirement including not having been sentenced during the previous five years of residence to prison terms exceeding one year, individually or combined.
Other legal requirements may also apply.
Is A2 Portuguese Still Enough for Permanent Residency?
Yes. AIMA’s current requirements confirm that an A2 level of Portuguese remains sufficient for permanent residency under Article 80.
Applicants do not need to demonstrate B1 or B2 proficiency, and the November 5 announcement does not introduce any new language requirements.
AIMA accepts recognized certificates demonstrating basic Portuguese knowledge, including the A2 Portuguese-language examination administered through CAPLE and certificates confirming completion of A2 or higher through recognized Portuguese as a Host Language (Português Língua de Acolhimento, or PLA) courses.
Certain qualifications from recognized educational institutions and other approved basic Portuguese courses may also satisfy the requirement.
Applicants who already possess a recognized A2 certificate do not need to obtain a higher-level certificate specifically for permanent residency.
2. Under “Tipo de Assunto” (Subject Type), select “Autorização de Residência” (Residence Authorization).
3. Under “Subtipo de Assunto” (Subject Subtype), select “Pedido de Agendamento – Concessão de Autorização de Residência Permanente” (Appointment Request – Granting of Permanent Residence Authorization).
4. Complete the form with your personal information.
5. Attach the required supporting documents and submit your request.
AIMA request form
AIMA instructs applicants to submit only one request for the same purpose and avoid repeated submissions while their initial request is awaiting processing.
Requesting an appointment is free. However, government fees apply when formally applying for permanent residency.
What Documents Must You Upload?
For the new online appointment request, AIMA lists two mandatory attachments:
1. A scanned copy of your valid Portuguese residence card. This confirms your current residence status.
2. Proof of at least five years of legal residence in Portugal. AIMA provides examples including copies of previous residence cards, Social Security contribution records, or Portuguese income tax returns (IRS declarations).
These documents are required for requesting an appointment. They are not the complete documentation needed for the actual permanent residency application.
At the in-person appointment, applicants must also provide documents including a valid passport or other travel document, proof of financial resources and accommodation, evidence of tax and Social Security compliance, and acceptable evidence of basic Portuguese proficiency.
AIMA has not announced a waiting-time estimate for appointments requested through the new online form.
The November 5 announcement does not explain how quickly applications will be reviewed, when appointments will become available, or whether the new procedure will reduce existing delays.
Submitting the form is simply the first step toward obtaining an appointment. It does not constitute approval of permanent residency or confirmation of an appointment date.
Applicants should retain copies of their submissions and monitor their email for further communication from AIMA.
What if You Already Emailed AIMA?
Many foreign residents have already contacted AIMA at [email protected] to request permanent residency appointments.
The November 5 announcement does not clarify whether existing email requests will automatically transfer to the new system.
However, AIMA specifically warns against submitting duplicate requests for the same purpose. Anyone with an existing unanswered request may wish to seek clarification before submitting another application through the contact form.
Does This Apply to EU Citizens or Permanent Residency Renewals?
No. The new option is specifically for requesting appointments for the initial granting of permanent residency under Article 80.
Renewals of existing permanent residence permits, permanent residence certificates for EU nationals, and permanent residence cards for eligible family members of EU nationals continue through AIMA’s Renewals Portal.
For eligible non-EU residents, the main takeaway is straightforward: there is now a dedicated online way to request a permanent residency appointment instead of relying solely on email.
Whether the new system will make the process faster remains to be seen.
On the northeast corner of Portugal, right on the border with Spain stands a little town that bears a great significance.
With just a population of 6,466 people, the so-called “Museum City” is a fortified town that sits overlooking the Douro River, the perfect combination between nature, culture, and history.
Miranda do Douro is home to one of the 3 official languages of Portugal, Mirandese, unique to the town and the surrounding regions, it is known for its special dances and music, as well as its amazing food, which will leave you begging for more!
From all of these curiosities to the wonderful monuments and villages you will see around the town and surrounding it, you will love your trip to the deep interior of Portugal!
Getting to Miranda do Douro
This interior city, unfortunately, doesn’t have a train station, so the best way to get there is either by renting a car or by bus.
The cheapest way to get to Miranda do Douro is probably by bus. You can get tickets from Rede Expressos or Rodonorte, for around 16€.
However, I would advise you to go by car. You would take around 3 hours from Porto or Braga or, if you are on the Spanish side, you can get there in just one around 1 hour from Zamora or Salamanca.
The long trip by car would be worth it since many things in the surroundings are only accessible by car. This region has lots of villages and towns spread out through the territory and sometimes there aren’t public transportations available. With a car, you would have much more freedom to visit whatever you want.
The town is great to visit throughout the whole year, as you will get different perspectives of it. During summer, you will get dry and hot days and cool nights, while in the winter you will get a lot of rain, really cold weather and very frequently snow.
Miranda is mostly visited by lots of tourists (overwhelmingly Spanish) on the weekends, but this shouldn’t be an impediment! You will still be able to have a great time and explore the amazing region.
Where to Eat
Miranda do Douro is a land of food. You have so many dishes to choose from!
To start off, why not try a ‘Sopa Transmontana’, a soup typical from the region of Trás-os-Montes made with chestnuts? It will get you ready for the upcoming meal.
The famous “Posta Mirandesa”, a typical steak from the city, will leave any meat lover in awe! If you prefer other types of meat, you have lamb, pork and other meats, all in a typical Mirandese cooking way. You can also try the ‘tabafeia’, a kind of smoked sausage made out of pork and bird meat, regional wheat bread, olive oil, all with salt, garlic, paprika or pepper and parsley. It is guaranteed that you will like it!
If you are more of a fish person, this wouldn’t be Portugal if it didn’t have a specific codfish dish! ‘Bacalhau à Mirandesa’, a new gastronomic dish, can be found all over the city’s restaurants.
As for sweets, you will have so many that the hard thing will be to pick one! There are roscos, sodos, dormidos, bola doce (sweet ball), and many more!
And to push all of this food down, what better than a glass of wine made directly in the region on the Douro riverbanks?
You will see that the prices are quite reasonable, with a good meal staying for around 10€, and if you didn’t really like any of these options, that’s also ok! You can find food from all over Portugal in the region, as well as international food, such as pizzas or hamburgers.
Culture in Miranda do Douro
Standing right on the border with Spain, you would think that the city’s identity would be divided between the two countries. However, the opposite happened and it has a great unique and individual cultural identity!
Miranda do Douro is one of the more culturally rich places you will find in the country! We have seen its unique dishes and great wine, but Miranda doesn’t stop there!
For starters, the region has its own language! Mirandese (or Mirandés, in the language), together with Portuguese and Portuguese Sign Language, make up the three official languages of Portugal. Mirandese is a local variant of the Asturo-leonese Language that used to be spoken in the Kingdom of Leon and that is still spoken in those areas of Spain. That little corner of Portugal also used to speak that language, but after a year of living side by side with the Portuguese language, it got its own particularities and turned into its own language.
Mirandese is spoken today by around 15,000 people, basically all of them being at least bilingual with Portuguese, with it being taught at schools and there being a big attempt to revitalize it, as it was starting to die out. However, in some villages, such as the village of Picote (or Picuote, in Mirandese), it is virtually spoken by everyone, with Picote even being the first village to have signs in both Portuguese and Mirandese!
The culturally rich region doesn’t stop with this and it has its own special type of music, with bagpipes and traditional drums, as well as dance, with the “Pauliteiros”, or stick dancers, dancing to the tune of the bagpipes!
In addition, the Mirandese people have their own traditional clothes, like the “Capas de Honra Mirandesa” (Mirandese Honor Capes), made out of pure sheep wool and they are all handmade and require great detail. They have their origin in the region of León (the same where the Mirandese language comes from), dating back to the 9th or 10th century. Today, it is only used in certain ceremonies or important acts.
You also have lots of festivals, such as “Festas de Santa Bárbara” (Saint Barbara Festival), which takes place on the penultimate Sunday of August; the “Festival Intercéltico de Sendim” (Sendim Interceltic Festival), a festival that connects Celtic heritages from all over the world, with dancers from Argentina, to Ireland, Galicia or Miranda themselves; and the “Festival L Burro i L Gueiteiro” (Festival of the Donkey and the Bagpiper), that intends to revitalize the relationship between the two characters, which was traditional in Mirandese culture.
What to Do in Miranda do Douro?
Antiga Sé de Miranda do Douro (Old Cathedral of Miranda do Douro)
The Old Cathedral of the city was finished at the end of the 16th century, being the biggest religious temple in the whole of Trás-os-Montes and being considered a National Monument. Its greatness will leave you breathless!
One of the most interesting artifacts it has it’s the “Menino Jesus da Cartolinha” (Boy Jesus of the Top Hat), which is a carved statue of a boy who supposedly appeared in the city during the 1711 Spanish siege to the city to rally the Portuguese troops. It was said that he was Jesus and that he wore a top hat, being immortalized in the Church and on display in a glass case.
Historic Center
The best thing you can do to know more about the culture and the life In this amazing place is really to stroll around the Historic Center of the town, hang out with the local people and you will understand much better the history and mentality of the region!
You can go to the Praça D. João III, known for its statue that represents a typical Mirandese couple, and the Solar, an amazing baroque building. The La Costanielha street is the oldest and most traditional in the town and deserves a visit! Then, don’t forget to climb to the castle walls, thought to be from before the Roman times! And finally, eat at a traditional place and have a little snack with the unique pastries.
This is the best way to immerse yourself in the culture you have read about here!
Museu Regional da Terra de Miranda (Regional Museum of the Land of Miranda)
The museum, situated in the aforementioned D. João III Square, is in the old town hall building. It has folk arts from the region of the Land of Miranda (the Mirandese-speaking region) as well as its history and traditions. This is the place you have to go if you want to know more about this unique culture land!
The Castle of Miranda do Douro
The Castle was probably built in some way or another by the peoples who have passed through the region, such as the Suevi or the Moors, but it was Afonso I, the first king of Portugal who rebuilt it to defend the northeastern border of his new kingdom.
However, today only ruins are left, due to a battle in 1762, during the Seven Years War. But they are incredible to visit, as you can still see the tower and the walls.
Ermitério Os Santos
This is a ruined chapel with a panel near the villages of Picote and Sendim. The panel is in a big monolith, where Saint Paul is drawn with many other saints, and it’s dated as of 1553.
The construction of this chapel and many others like it was associated with living a hermitic life, being, therefore, called a “hermitage”.
Go on a Douro Cruise
International Douro River. Photo by Vitor Oliveira on Flickr.
You can travel the International Douro, literally on the border with Spain, and see the amazing views that nature produced there. The cliffs and olive trees all around will take your breath away. Definitely an afternoon well spent!
You can see a part of the Aqueduct of Vilarinho behind the Old Cathedral, the aqueduct that supplied water to the city from the 16th until the 20th century.
Besides this, don’t forget to visit the nearby villages and places! You have Picote, which we mentioned before, that is a beautiful stone village that you are guaranteed to fall in love with and that has an incredible view of the Douro River. You also have Sendim, home to its own variety of Mirandese and to the famous dish of “Posta Mirandesa”, and a place where you can explore the nature in the “Arribas do Douro” Natural Park.
There are so many places to explore in this region! Try to don’t miss out on anything! And don’t forget to talk to the locals to see the best places and to get the best food!
The Land of Miranda is a very beautiful place where you can encounter almost anything you’re looking for in your trip: history, nature, lovely people, culture, peacefulness. The only thing it’s probably lacking is the sea, but the Douro River will definitely do nicely!
In its capital of Miranda do Douro you will find a great base to discover the rest of the region and to get yourself immersed in that amazing culture. Get the most out of this unique place that most people (outside of the Iberian Peninsula) don’t know about!
I hope you have a great time discovering this little diamond in the far interior of Portugal!
⬇️What are your favorite things to do in Miranda do Douro? Let us know in the comments below⬇️
Low clouds paint the sky a cool gray as the Atlantic swirls off the west coast of Portugal. This is not the golden summer that tourists are looking for. But true connoisseurs know that winter brings something deeper. The waters become mysterious, the sea breeze more cutting, and the waves…well, the waves become legendary. Portugal in winter is not for the faint-hearted. It’s for those ready for winter surfing, for both beginners looking for less crowds and those who can ride the big waves and face the heart of the ocean.
Unique Wave Conditions
In the heart of the Atlantic, as the world prepares for the cold, Portugal becomes a hang out for the most experienced surfers. Storms off the west coast give rise to giant waves that come from far away, traveling thousands of kilometers before crashing into the rugged cliffs and fine sandy beaches.
The Impact of Atlantic Storms
In winter, storms from the North Atlantic bring with them unique conditions. In places like Nazaré, famous for the biggest waves in the world, these storms create the perfect conditions for adrenaline seekers. There’s no need to travel far. The best waves on the planet break here, where the Atlantic and the European continent meet in a chaotic dance of brute force.
The notorious waves of Nazaré, Alex Costin. Flickr
The Diversity of Spots for All Levels
From north to south, each beach in Portugal has its own charm. For beginners, places like Ericeira or Peniche are still ideal, even in the winter months. At Praia do Amado, in the Algarve, the waves are gentler, perfect for beginners. But if you’re looking for something more challenging, just travel to Figueira da Foz or Arrifana, where winter reveals the true power of the currents and winds that shape the waves.
Why Winter Is the Best Time to Surf in Portugal
Fewer Crowds, More Nature
Summer is the season for tourism, and with it comes the crowds. The beaches are full, the waves are contested. But in winter, all that disappears. The cold days keep the curious away, and the beaches become almost wild territories, where the only sound you hear is the roar of the ocean and the wind piercing your skin.
Water Warmer Than You Think
Despite the chill in the air, the sea remains surprisingly welcoming. The Gulf Stream warms the water off the Portuguese coast, making the experience less icy than in many other parts of Europe. With a good wetsuit, Portugal’s winter waters are an invitation you can’t refuse for those who know how to appreciate the magic of being alone on a perfect wave.
Offshore Wind – The Surfer’s Ally
Winter brings predominantly off-shore winds. These winds help form cleaner, more organized waves, providing the ideal conditions for long, memorable sessions. While other countries face uncontrolled storms, Portugal enjoys the best of both worlds: the strength of the Atlantic combined with the precision of coastal winds.
Must-See Destinations for Surfing in Winter
Nazaré – The Sleeping Giant
Talking about surfing in winter and not mentioning Nazaré would be a huge mistake. This small fishing village has gained worldwide fame thanks to its giant waves. In winter, the Nazaré Canyon, an underwater geological fault, creates the perfect conditions for some of the biggest waves ever recorded. Surfing in Nazaré in winter is like facing a primordial force of nature.
Praia do Norte, Nazaré, Luis Ascenso, Flickr
Ericeira – The World Surfing Reserve
Ericeira, with its reefs and point breaks, becomes a real training ground for surfers of all levels. Winter keeps many tourists away, but true lovers of the sport know that this is when the waves take on a new dimension – fewer people, more space, and perfect conditions at spots like Ribeira d’Ilhas or Coxos.
Praia de Sao Juliao (Ericeira-Portugal), Juan Gabriel Estévez Mota (Juaniko), Flickr
Peniche – The Peninsula of Waves
Peniche is known as the place where the sea meets the land in every direction. Here, surfers always find a place to surf, whatever the conditions. During the winter, Supertubos, one of the best waves in Europe, offers perfect tubes for those brave enough to tackle them.
Supertubos Surf, Peniche, Jonas Eberhardt, Flickr
Final Thoughts
Portugal in winter is a place of extremes. While the cold may cut through the skin and the wind may be relentless, the sea is a gift for those looking for more than just a sunny day at the beach. This is the place where the ocean shows its true face. For surfers, winter in Portugal represents a call to action, a challenge, an invitation to face the forces of nature and perhaps, for a brief moment, tame them.
Calçada Portuguesa, or Portuguese pavement, traces its origins back to the Roman Empire. Romans used stone mosaics to pave their roads, a technique that laid the foundation for what would become a defining feature of Portuguese urban landscapes.
In Portugal, this technique took on a unique character. The first recorded instance of Portuguese pavement was in Lisbon in the mid-19th century, inspired by Roman methods but adapted to local aesthetics and materials.
The Marquis of Pombal played a pivotal role in the development of Portuguese pavement. After the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, he initiated extensive rebuilding projects, incorporating stone mosaics to enhance the city’s resilience and beauty.
What Is Calçada Portuguesa Made Of?
Calçada Portuguesa is characterized by its use of black basalt and white limestone. These stones are meticulously cut and arranged to create intricate patterns, often depicting cultural and historical motifs.
João Abel Manta, Calçada à portuguesa, Praça dos Restauradores, Wikimedia Commons
The first major project using this technique was the paving of Rossio Square in 1848. The success of this project led to the widespread adoption of Portuguese pavement throughout Lisbon and other Portuguese cities.
Portuguese pavement is both functional and a form of artistic expression. Patterns range from simple geometric designs to elaborate representations of ships, animals, and scenes from Portuguese history. Many pavements feature symbols of Portuguese identity, such as the cross of the Order of Christ or maritime motifs reflecting Portugal’s seafaring heritage. These designs serve as a cultural narrative in stone.
Portuguese explorers and colonizers spread the technique worldwide. Today, you can find Portuguese pavement in former colonies like Brazil and Macau, as well as in cities like Paris and New York, where Portuguese communities have left their mark. Crafting these pavements requires skilled artisans known as calceteiros. The process involves laying a sand foundation, placing the stones meticulously, and often embedding them with lime to secure the design.
Maintaining Portuguese pavement is labor-intensive. Over time, stones can become dislodged, and the intricate patterns require constant upkeep to preserve their beauty and functionality. Despite these challenges, Portuguese pavement remains a symbol of national pride. It reflects Portugal’s history, artistic heritage, and the enduring craftsmanship of its people.
Portugal sidewalk in Guimarães, ricardo / zone41.net, Wikimedia Commons
Should We Still Use Calçada Portuguesa?
In modern times, the use of Portuguese pavement has become a topic of debate. While it remains a beloved feature of historical city centers, its practicality in contemporary urban settings is questioned.
One of the main criticisms is safety. Portuguese pavement can be slippery when wet, posing a hazard to pedestrians. The uneven surface can be challenging for individuals with reduced mobility, making it difficult for wheelchairs and strollers to navigate the streets. Additionally, the uneven surface makes it difficult for people to run or move quickly over these stones.
The cost of maintaining Portuguese pavement is another issue. The specialized labor required for repairs is expensive, and the stones themselves can be costly to replace. These issues often lead to delays in repairs, making it more likely that someone may injure themselves stepping over the broken stones.
Portuguese pavement – an expressionist work of art after 14 years of use, Bosc d’Anjou, Wikimedia Commons
This raises a critical question: Should Portuguese pavement be preserved at the expense of practicality? In historical areas, it is cherished for its aesthetic and cultural value, but in other parts of the city, modern alternatives might be more suitable. Should calçada portuguesa be removed altogether apart from the main commercial avenues of a city?
Some cities have explored alternative solutions, such as using Portuguese pavement in combination with other, more practical materials. This approach aims to preserve the aesthetic appeal while addressing safety and accessibility concerns.
Public opinion on this issue is divided. Many people value the historical and cultural significance of Portuguese pavement and advocate for its preservation. Others prioritize safety and functionality, especially in more residential parts of the city.
Calçada Portuguesa in Lagos, Lucia, Flickr
What Is the Future of Calçada Portuguesa?
One of the primary issues facing Calçada Portuguesa is the decline in new installations and the dwindling number of skilled artisans, known as calceteiros. The profession demands long hours and offers low wages, which has significantly reduced the number of apprentices entering the field. For comparison, in 1927, 400 calceteiros were active in the city of Lisbon. However, in 2020, there are only 18 registered calceteiros, of which only 11 are currently working. Without a new generation of skilled workers to carry on the tradition, the craft is at risk of fading away. This decline is exacerbated by the high cost and difficulty of obtaining suitable stones, making new projects less appealing for both public and private investors.
In response to these challenges, some cities have already begun replacing traditional Portuguese pavement with more practical materials. For instance, in 2005, Porto replaced much of its city center’s Calçada Portuguesa with granite blocks. Similarly, São Paulo has largely replaced the Portuguese pavement on Paulista Avenue with a more regular and cost-effective type of concrete pavement since 2007. These changes reflect a broader trend towards prioritizing functionality and safety over historical preservation.
Despite these trends, Calçada Portuguesa remains prevalent in certain areas, particularly in more affluent neighborhoods and historical districts. In Rio de Janeiro, for example, the traditional pavement is still widely used, especially in wealthier areas where there is a greater emphasis on maintaining cultural heritage. Additionally, places like the Asunción Super Centro building in Asunción, Paraguay, continue to showcase this iconic pavement, highlighting its enduring appeal in specific contexts.
Final Thoughts
Calçada Portuguesa represents a unique blend of artistic expression and cultural heritage, yet faces significant challenges in the modern era. It is already part of Portugal’s Intangible Cultural Heritage. However, its decline is driven by practical concerns like safety, maintenance, and economic viability. With strategic conservation efforts focused on historically significant and aesthetically valuable areas, hopefully, this iconic pavement can still play a role in urban cities. Balancing tradition with modernization will be key to preserving the legacy of Calçada Portuguesa for future generations.
In the annals of Portuguese football, no rivalry captures the imagination quite like the clashes between Sport Lisboa e Benfica (commonly known as Benfica) and Sporting Clube de Portugal (known as Sporting). This historic rivalry, known as the Derby de Lisboa, transcends the sport, becoming a cultural phenomenon deeply intertwined with the identity of Lisbon and Portugal as a whole. It is a tale of two footballing institutions, two fiercely loyal fanbases, and a century-long narrative filled with dramatic matches, legendary players, and unforgettable moments.
Fans who have followed this rivalry closely for decades have witnessed how this derby has evolved, how its intensity has grown, and how it remains as passionate as ever. To truly understand Benfica and Sporting, we must first delve into their histories, explore their traditions, and appreciate the countless moments that have defined them.
The Foundations – Benfica and Sporting
Sport Lisboa e Benfica (Benfica)
Founded on February 28, 1904, Benfica was born out of the desire of a group of football enthusiasts to create a club that embodied the working-class spirit of Lisbon. Originally named “Sport Lisboa,” it merged with Grupo Sport Benfica in 1908, adopting the name that we now know.
From its inception, Benfica established itself as a club for the people—rooted in the neighborhoods of Lisbon where blue-collar workers worked hard for their families. The club quickly rose through the ranks of Portuguese football, winning its first national championship in 1936. Over the years, Benfica became synonymous with success, particularly during its golden era in the 1960s, when the club, under the legendary coach Béla Guttmann, won two consecutive European Cups (1961 and 1962).
The Eagles, as they are known, have amassed a staggering number of domestic trophies, including a record 38 Primeira Liga titles and 26 Taça de Portugal victories. Their iconic red jerseys and eagle emblem are a symbol of pride for their supporters, who are known as the Benfiquistas.
Benfica’s giant trophies, Nelson Correia, Flickr
Sporting Clube de Portugal (Sporting)
Founded earlier than Benfica on July 1, 1906, Sporting’s origin is different but equally rich in tradition. Created by a group of aristocrats led by José Alvalade, Sporting was originally intended to be a multi-sport club. Even today, the club excels in various sports beyond football, from athletics to handball, embodying the philosophy that Sporting is more than just a football team—it is a symbol of Lisbon’s upper class, its elegance, and its versatility.
In football, Sporting established itself as a force in the 1940s and 1950s, led by a legendary forward line known as the “Five Violins” (Cinco Violinos). Players like Fernando Peyroteo, José Travassos, Albano Pereira, Jesus Correia, and Manuel Vasques combined to form one of the deadliest attacks in European football at the time. Sporting won seven Primeira Liga titles in the 1940s and 1950s, cementing its status as one of Portugal’s premier footballing institutions.
Sporting’s history is marked by 19 Primeira Liga titles and 17 Taça de Portugal wins. Despite not enjoying the same level of consistent success as Benfica in recent decades, Sporting remains one of Portugal’s “Big Three” clubs, alongside Benfica and FC Porto. Their fans, known as the Sportinguistas, are fiercely loyal to the club’s green-and-white stripes and its emblematic lion.
The Rivalry – Derby de Lisboa
The rivalry between Benfica and Sporting is a battle of ideologies, social classes, and neighborhoods. Sporting, with its origins in aristocracy and nobility, represents the Lisbon elite. Benfica, on the other hand, stands as the club of the working class, the people, and the densely populated districts of the city.
This rivalry has been heated since the first competitive match between the two in 1907, which Sporting won 2-1. Over the years, both clubs have engaged in some of the most thrilling matches in Portuguese football history. The Derby de Lisboa is an event where the entire city, and often the entire country, holds its breath.
The two clubs have faced each other over 300 times in official competitions, with both teams claiming famous victories. Some of the most memorable matches in this rivalry include Benfica’s 4-3 comeback win in 1972 and Sporting’s 7-1 thrashing of Benfica in 1986, still regarded as one of the most humiliating defeats in Benfica’s history.
The Stadiums – Estádio da Luz vs. Estádio José Alvalade
Estádio da Luz (Benfica)
Benfica’s home ground, the Estádio da Luz (Stadium of Light), is an iconic venue for both Portuguese football and European football as a whole. The current version of the stadium, inaugurated in 2003, replaced the original Estádio da Luz, which had stood since 1954. The new stadium was built for the 2004 European Championship, and with a capacity of over 64,000, it remains one of the largest and most impressive stadiums in Europe.
A panorama of the Estádio da Luz, Massimo Catarinella, Wikimedia Commons
The Benfiquistas have created a unique atmosphere at Estádio da Luz, particularly during big matches. One of the most well-known traditions is the release of a live eagle, named Vitória, before each home match. The eagle, a symbol of Benfica, flies around the stadium before perching on the club’s emblem, signifying strength and triumph. The sight of Vitória soaring above the packed stands sends chills down the spine of any football fan.
Vitória in 2015, Estádio da Luz, Wikimedia Commons
Estádio José Alvalade (Sporting)
Sporting’s home stadium, the Estádio José Alvalade, is also a modern marvel. Inaugurated in 2003 to replace the original stadium built in 1956, it has a capacity of around 50,000 and is named after the club’s founder, José Alvalade. The stadium is known for its vibrant green and white color scheme, which reflects the club’s traditional colors.
Estádio do Sporting Clube de Portugal, Juntas, Wikimedia Commons
The Sportinguistas are renowned for their unwavering support, and the atmosphere at the José Alvalade is electrifying, especially during derby matches. One of Sporting’s unique traditions is the chant of “O Mundo Sabe Que” (The World Knows), which echoes around the stadium as thousands of fans sing in unison before every match. This passionate anthem encapsulates the pride that Sporting fans have in their club and its history.
Legends of Benfica and Sporting
Benfica’s Greatest Players
Over the years, Benfica has produced and attracted some of the greatest footballers in history. Eusebio, undoubtedly the most famous, is regarded as one of the finest players to ever grace the game. Known as the “Black Panther,” Eusebio’s lightning pace, powerful shot, and goal-scoring prowess made him a global icon during the 1960s. He helped Benfica win 11 league titles and was instrumental in their European success.
Eusébio with Benfica in 1973, Panini, Wikimedia Commons
Another legendary figure in Benfica’s history is Mário Coluna, a midfielder who captained the team during its European triumphs. His leadership and technical ability made him a cornerstone of Benfica’s golden era.
In more recent years, Rui Costa, a product of Benfica’s famed youth academy, returned to the club after a stellar career in Italy. Known for his vision and passing ability, Rui Costa remains a symbol of loyalty and class in Benfica’s history. Additionally, players like Nené, Fernando Chalana, and Jonas have left indelible marks on the club’s illustrious history.
Sporting’s Greatest Players
Sporting has also had its fair share of legendary players. Perhaps the most iconic figure in Sporting’s history is Cristiano Ronaldo, who began his professional career at the club before moving to Manchester United in 2003. Although Ronaldo’s time at Sporting was brief, his development at the club laid the foundation for his future superstardom.
Cristiano Ronaldo at Sporting, blogfashiontotal, Flickr
Sporting’s golden era in the 1940s and 1950s was dominated by the “Five Violins,” a group of forwards who are still revered to this day. Fernando Peyroteo, often considered the best Portuguese striker of all time, scored an incredible 331 goals in 187 matches for Sporting, a record that stands as a testament to his brilliance.
In more recent years, players like Luís Figo, Ricardo Quaresma, and João Moutinho have made significant contributions to Sporting’s legacy. Figo, in particular, is remembered not only for his time at Sporting but also for his glittering career with Barcelona and Real Madrid.
The Fans: Passion and Tradition
The rivalry between Benfica and Sporting is not just played out on the pitch—it is reflected in the passionate support of their fans. The Benfiquistas and Sportinguistas each have their own unique traditions, but what unites them is their deep love for their respective clubs.
Benfica’s fanbase is known for its size and intensity. The club claims to have the largest number of registered supporters in the world, a testament to its broad appeal. On match days, the Benfiquistas pack the Estádio da Luz, creating a wall of red that intimidates opponents and inspires their team. The fans are known for their unrelenting support, even in difficult times, and the chants of “SLB, SLB, SLB!” reverberate throughout the stadium.
Sporting’s fans, while perhaps fewer in number, are no less passionate. The Sportinguistas are known for their unwavering loyalty, even during the club’s lean years. The Juventude Leonina, Sporting’s oldest ultra group, has been a constant presence in the stands since 1976, leading the chants and creating an electric atmosphere at the José Alvalade.
Sporting, Lion’s Roar, André Pipa, Flickr
The chant of “Eu Sou Sporting” (I Am Sporting) is a declaration of identity, a reminder that being a Sportinguista is not just about supporting a football club—it is a way of life.
When Can I Watch a Game?
If you’re eager to witness the legendary rivalry between Benfica and Sporting, or simply want to catch a Portuguese football match, understanding the schedule of the Primeira Liga and other key competitions is essential.
Primeira Liga: The Regular Season
The Portuguese football season, including the Primeira Liga (Portugal’s top-tier football division), typically runs from August to May. Each club in the league plays a total of 34 matches—home and away—over the course of the season. Benfica and Sporting, being two of the top clubs in the league, are frequently involved in some of the most exciting and competitive fixtures each year.
Primeira Liga fixtures are usually scheduled on weekends, with some matches taking place on Friday or Monday evenings. This allows fans to enjoy a full weekend of Portuguese football with many matches airing in prime-time slots.
The exact time of each match can vary but is typically in the evening or late afternoon especially when it comes to the more high-profile fixtures like the Lisbon derby. The matches between Benfica and Sporting in the Primeira Liga are always highly anticipated, with the first derby of the season usually occurring in the fall or winter, around November or December, depending on the schedule. The reverse fixture, with the home advantage switching between the two teams, usually happens in the spring, around April or May, and can often be decisive in determining the league champion, especially if both clubs are in title contention.
Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga
In addition to the league, both clubs also participate in the Taça de Portugal (Portuguese Cup) and the Taça da Liga (League Cup). These knockout competitions provide additional opportunities for Benfica and Sporting to face each other, often resulting in intense cup clashes. The Taça de Portugal final, which takes place in May, is one of the most prestigious events in Portuguese football, and Benfica or Sporting often have a strong chance of featuring in the final stages of this tournament.
The Taça da Liga, which has its final in January, is a shorter competition, and matches take place during the league season, often adding another layer of drama to the campaign. Fans can look forward to these cup matches in addition to the regular Primeira Liga encounters.
European Competitions
Both Benfica and Sporting regularly compete in European competitions, such as the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League. Matches in these prestigious tournaments usually take place midweek, typically on Tuesdays or Wednesdays for the Champions League and Thursdays for the Europa League.
While these competitions do not usually involve domestic rivalries, unless the teams happen to meet in a rare European draw, they offer an opportunity to see the two clubs compete against Europe’s elite. Watching Benfica or Sporting play in Europe is an excellent way to experience the intensity and quality of Portuguese football on an international stage.
Benfica vs. Sporting: How Often Do They Play?
The most anticipated clash between Benfica and Sporting—the Lisbon Derby—takes place twice a season in the Primeira Liga. These matches are must-watch events, typically scheduled once in each half of the league season. The first derby is held at one of the clubs’ home stadiums, while the second fixture is at the rival’s ground.
– First Lisbon Derby – Generally held in the first half of the season, around November or December.
– Second Lisbon Derby – Played in the second half of the season, around April or May.
On rare occasions, Benfica and Sporting may face each other more than twice in a season if they are drawn together in cup competitions like the Taça de Portugal or the Taça da Liga. This can lead to extra derbies, adding to the drama and excitement of the football calendar.
Benfica vs. Sporting, BetClic Portugal, Flickr
Where to Watch Benfica vs. Sporting and Other Portuguese Matches
For fans wanting to catch Benfica, Sporting, or any Portuguese football match, there are several platforms and avenues to explore:
1. Portuguese Broadcasters
The Primeira Liga is broadcast live on Sport TV, the leading sports channel in Portugal. Major derbies, including Benfica vs. Sporting, are covered extensively, with pre-match analysis and post-match discussions.
2. International Broadcasting
Outside of Portugal, many international broadcasters air Primeira Liga matches, especially games involving the “Big Three” (Benfica, Sporting, and FC Porto). In countries such as the UK, the US, and across Europe, channels like BT Sport, ESPN, Fox Sports, and beIN Sports often have broadcasting rights.
Additionally, matches are frequently available via online streaming services, which offer live coverage and highlights.
3. Streaming Platforms
For international fans, there are several online streaming services that carry Portuguese football, such as FuboTV, DAZN, and Sling TV. These services often provide comprehensive coverage of both the Primeira Liga and European competitions.
In Portugal, Sport TV, and BTV (Benfica’s official television channel) also offer live streams of Benfica’s matches. Sporting has a similar service with Sporting TV.
4. Attending the Matches
If you’re lucky enough to be in Lisbon during the football season, attending a match at either the Estádio da Luz (Benfica) or the Estádio José Alvalade (Sporting) is an unforgettable experience. Both stadiums offer online ticket sales through their official websites, and tickets for the Lisbon Derby are typically in high demand, often selling out quickly. It’s advisable to plan well in advance to secure your spot for these iconic encounters.
Special Matches and Events
In addition to regular-season fixtures, Benfica and Sporting often participate in pre-season friendlies or international summer tournaments. While these matches do not carry the same weight as official competitions, they are still a great way to watch the two teams in action and get a taste of the rivalry before the season begins.
These matches often occur in July or early August, as clubs prepare for the new season, and are held either in Portugal or abroad, sometimes in countries with large Portuguese communities like the United States or Canada.
Plan Your Football Calendar
For fans of Portuguese football, or for those new to the sport, watching Benfica and Sporting compete—especially in the Lisbon Derby—is a thrilling experience. With the season running from August to May, there are plenty of opportunities to catch these two iconic clubs in action.
Whether you tune in for the Primeira Liga, the cup competitions, or European matches, Benfica and Sporting consistently deliver high-quality football and passion. The derby fixtures, played at least twice a season, are unmissable, but both teams also offer engaging football throughout the campaign, providing fans with numerous chances to immerse themselves in Portuguese football culture.
In Conclusion
The rivalry between Benfica and Sporting is a reflection of Lisbon’s social fabric, a clash of ideologies, and a celebration of Portuguese football. From the golden eras of both clubs to the modern-day battles for supremacy, the Derby de Lisboa continues to captivate fans and ignite passions.
I can say with confidence that there is nothing quite like a Benfica vs. Sporting match. The history, the players, the fans, and the traditions all combine to create a spectacle that transcends the sport. Whether you are a Benfiquista or a Sportinguista, or simply a lover of football, this rivalry will continue to be one of the greatest stories in the beautiful game.
Shoes, glorious shoes! Did you know that Portugal’s shoemaking traditions go back hundreds of years? We didn’t either until we started noticing all of the high-quality shoe shops around Lisbon.
Initially, shoemaking in Portugal was a small-scale craft, practiced by skilled artisans in family-run workshops. In many small Portuguese villages, they developed their skills using premium leather and other raw materials. Over time, these workshops evolved into larger enterprises, especially during the Industrial Revolution when mechanization allowed for increased production.
Today, Portugal is one of the world’s leading footwear producers, renowned for its exceptional craftsmanship, innovative designs, and sustainable practices. The northern region, particularly around the cities of Porto and Guimarães, is recognized as the heart of the Portuguese shoe industry, hosting numerous factories and design studios.
Portugal Makes a Global Impact
In recent decades, Portuguese footwear brands have gained international acclaim. The industry’s commitment to quality and sustainability has attracted global consumers, with many brands exporting a significant portion of their products. Portugal’s shoemakers also emphasize ethical production, using environmentally friendly materials and adhering to fair labor practices. This combination of heritage, innovation, and responsibility has positioned Portuguese shoes as a symbol of excellence in the global market.
Portugal’s rich shoemaking heritage is exemplified by several brands that have gained both national and international recognition for their quality, design, and craftsmanship. Here are six prominent Portuguese shoe brands, each with a unique history and presence in Lisbon, Porto, and across the country. Be sure to look out for them the next time you visit Portugal.
1. Luís Onofre
Established in 1999, Luís Onofre offers “handmade shoes with a sould” and is synonymous with luxury and elegance in footwear and accessories. The brand is renowned for its meticulous craftsmanship and use of premium materials. They offer classic shoes for men or boots, sandals, and shoes for women.
Lisbon – Avenida da Liberdade 247, Lisboa, Portugal Other Locations – Luís Onofre’s products are available in select high-end retailers throughout Portugal.
2. Carlos Santos
Founded in 1942, Carlos Santos Shoes has a long-standing reputation for producing high-quality men’s footwear. The brand is distinguished by its commitment to traditional shoemaking techniques, including the Goodyear Welted system, which ensures durability and comfort.
While Carlos Santos does not operate standalone stores, their products are available through two luxury shoe retailers in Lisbon and Porto, on their website, and in many retailers around the world. The three locations where you can purchase their shoes in Portugal are as follows:
Lisbon – Rosa Teixeira, Avenida da Liberdade 204 Porto – Rosa Teixeira, Avenida da Boavista, 3523; Marques Soares, R. das Carmelitas, Porto
3. Ambitious
Founded in 2008 in Guimarães, Ambitious is a footwear and lifestyle brand that emerged from a 30-year family legacy in shoemaking. The brand’s in-house production facility enables precise quality control and design experimentation, while its focus on technological innovation and manufacturing excellence has established Ambitious as a recognized name in both men’s and women’s footwear.
It is best to shop online for Ambitious shoes in order to access its full line of products.
4. Foreva
Established in 1984, Foreva is a 100% Portuguese footwear brand proud to be part of a growing industry that is getting more recognition on the international stage. It opened its first store on Rua Guerra Junqueiro in Lisbon and now has shops in major Portuguese urban centers.
Lisbon – Campo Pequeno Shopping Mall, Campo Pequeno 135 Porto – Largo de Ferreira Lapa 887, Rua dos Clérigos 90, Porto, Portugal Other Locations – Foreva has numerous stores nationwide, primarily in shopping malls, including locations in the Azores and Madeira.
5. Parfois
Founded in 1994, Parfois is a Portuguese brand specializing in women’s accessories, including shoes, handbags, and jewelry. The brand has expanded internationally and is known for offering trendy designs at affordable prices.
Lisbon Stores – There are multiple locations throughout the city including Colombo Shopping Center and Rua Augusta 146. Porto Store – Rua de Santa Catarina 95-97, Rua dos Clérigos 54, Porto Other Locations – Parfois operates numerous stores across Portugal and internationally.
6. As Portuguesas
As Portuguesas brings together Portuguese heritage and environmental consciousness as it prioritizes sustainability at every step. Based in Portugal, the brand distinguishes itself through its innovative use of cork and rubber soles combined with recycled materials. This helps it to achieve a negative carbon footprint while supporting local economies.
The company’s commitment to sustainability extends from their manual cork extraction process to their eco-friendly packaging and marketing materials. Cork extraction is done entirely by hand and no trees are cut in the crafting of the shoes.
You can find boots, trainers, sandals, and flip flops from As Portuguesas in multiple locations across the country, especially in shops specializing in cork, but the shop does not have its own storefront. You can also purchase the shoes online here.
7. Fly London
Fly London was created in the UK 1994, but it is owned by Fortunato O. Frederico & Ca Lda and has its head office and production in Portugal. Their motto, “Always Progressive, Never Conventional” reflects their commitment to unique designs and comfort. They initially started out as a shoe brand but have since extended their range to bags and sunglasses as well.
Porto – R. de Sá da Bandeira 603 Other Locations – Fly London products are available in various retailers and their own stores across Portugal and internationally. You can shop online here.
If the Shoe Fits
The Portuguese footwear industry continues to evolve as it adapts and thrives in the competitive global market while staying true to its artisanal roots. As these brands expand their international presence, they carry forward the legacy of Portuguese shoemaking excellence. Now that you know some of Portugal’s quality shoe brands, why don’t you check them out the next time that you’re in Portugal or get online and deliver Portuguese quality straight to your door?
While Lisbon and Porto tend to dominate the conversation about moving to Portugal, several smaller cities offer an exceptional quality of life at a more relaxed pace. Not all of us are big city people, and we wanted to cover a few cities for people that appreciate being closer to nature and escaping the crowds. Some of our selected cities are still quite popular, but they are less hectic than Portugal’s two biggest cities. Here’s an in-depth look at five cities that deserve your consideration for both a visit and maybe even a future place to live.
1. Cascais
Cascais has transformed from a quiet fishing village into Portugal’s most exclusive coastal community. Located just 30 kilometers west of Lisbon, this elegant town offers the perfect blend of historic charm and modern conveniences. The city center features well-maintained cobblestone streets lined with boutiques, restaurants, and art galleries, while maintaining its authentic Portuguese character.
The city’s quality of life is enhanced by its excellent infrastructure, including international schools, modern healthcare facilities, and efficient public transportation. The microclimate is particularly appealing, with mild winters and pleasant summers moderated by Atlantic breezes. Cascais’s three main beaches – Praia da Conceição, Praia da Rainha, and Praia da Duquesa – provide year-round opportunities for recreation.
Cultural life thrives here, with the Paula Rego Museum, the Cascais Cultural Center, and numerous festivals throughout the year. The city’s proximity to Sintra‘s UNESCO World Heritage sites and Lisbon’s international airport makes it an ideal base for both cultural exploration and global connectivity. The Cascais Marina, one of the most prestigious in Portugal, adds to the city’s appeal with its sailing schools and water sports facilities.
View of the crowded pretty little beach named Praia da Rainha along the beach promenade between the towns of Estoril and Cascais, nearby Lisbon, Portugal
2. Lagos
Lagos stands out in the Algarve region for its perfect combination of natural beauty and accessibility to infrastructure and a variety of cuisines. The city has managed to preserve its authentic character while developing into a modern, livable community. Its stunning coastline features the famous Ponta da Piedade cliffs and some of Portugal’s most beautiful beaches, including Praia Dona Ana and Meia Praia.
The historic center, enclosed by 16th-century walls, offers a glimpse into Portugal’s maritime history. The city has invested significantly in infrastructure, including modern healthcare facilities and educational institutions. The local market, fresh seafood restaurants, and year-round cultural events create a lively community atmosphere.
Lagos’s economy benefits from sustainable tourism and a growing digital nomad and expat community. The city’s commitment to environmental protection has resulted in excellent water quality and well-maintained public spaces. The recent development of co-working spaces and tech hubs has also attracted a younger, internationally-minded population.
Lagos. Photo by Reiseuhu.de (Unsplash)
3. Torres Vedras
Often overlooked by international visitors, Torres Vedras is a short 45-minute drive north from the center of Lisbon. The city has won multiple European awards for its green initiatives and smart city solutions, complete with green spaces and a riverside walk.
The city’s commitment to sustainability extends to its public transportation system, which includes electric buses and an extensive network of cycling paths. The local economy is diversified, with strong agricultural, technology, and service sectors. The nearby beaches, including beautiful Santa Cruz, are only a 15-minute drive away and provide the perfect place to relax and enjoy a coffee or take a walk with your dog.
Torres Vedras is particularly notable for its quality of life indicators, including excellent air quality, low crime rates, and affordable housing compared to larger coastal cities. The city’s famous carnival, one of Portugal’s oldest and most authentic, demonstrates its strong community spirit and cultural vitality. The recent establishment of several research centers focused on sustainable agriculture and renewable energy has created new employment opportunities and attracted environmental scientists and researchers.
Town center of Torres Vedras, Torres Vedras CM, Flickr
4. Matosinhos
Just north of Porto, Matosinhos has developed into a distinct city with its own strong identity. Known as Portugal’s seafood capital, the city offers an unparalleled gastronomic scene, with around 600 seafood restaurants, the highest concentration per square meter in Europe.
Like Cascais, Matosinhos is close to a big city but has more laid-back vibes. It has invested heavily in public infrastructure including the expansion of the Metro do Porto network and the development of extensive seaside promenades. The city’s beaches are popular with surfers, and the port area has been revitalized with cultural spaces and cozy cafés.
The cost of living remains reasonable compared to Porto, while offering many of the same advantages. The city’s strong educational institutions, including several technical schools and proximity to Porto’s universities, make it attractive for families and young professionals. The recent plan to build “Fuse Valley,” a 24-building complex combining offices, housing, and a variety of services has brought even more interest to the area.
Matosinhos, Fabrice Fernandes, Flickr
5. Fundão
Fundão, located in the Beira Baixa region, represents the future of Portugal’s interior cities. The city has successfully attracted tech companies and remote workers through innovative programs and high-quality digital infrastructure. The surrounding Serra da Estrela mountains provide spectacular natural scenery and outdoor recreation opportunities.
The city is famous for its cherry production and has leveraged this agricultural heritage to develop food tourism and agricultural technology initiatives. Its cheese was also recently voted as the best in the world. Housing costs are significantly lower than in coastal areas, while the quality of life remains high. The local government has implemented successful programs to attract young families and entrepreneurs, including subsidized housing and business incubation support.
Recent investments in renewable energy and smart agriculture have positioned Fundão as a leader in sustainable development among interior cities. The city’s Living Lab program, which tests innovative urban solutions, has attracted international attention and funding for further development projects.
The city of Fundão, Bruno Esteves, Wikimedia Commons
Bonus City: Montemor-o-Novo
We wanted to leave you with a bonus today – the growing city of Montemor-o-Novo in the Alentejo region, just over an hour drive from Lisbon. The city has gained attention for its cultural initiatives, including the innovative O Espaço do Tempo performing arts center housed in a converted monastery. Its strategic location between Lisbon and Évora, combined with affordable living costs and a strong sense of community, makes it increasingly attractive to artists, remote workers, and those looking for a more sustainable and affordable lifestyle.
The city has recently expanded its cultural programs with new artist residency options and a contemporary art center. The surrounding cork forests and vineyards provide both economic opportunities and beautiful natural settings for outdoor activities in the region.
The landscape of the Alentejo near Montemor-o-Novo, AGFORWARD, Flickr
Final Thoughts
As Portugal continues to attract international attention, these smaller cities provide attractive alternatives to the country’s major metropolitan areas. They often offer better value, stronger community connections, and a more authentic Portuguese lifestyle. The ongoing development of digital infrastructure and sustainable practices in these cities suggests their appeal will only grow in the coming years.
Sponsored Content: This article is a paid advertisement produced in partnership with PIDS Home and Property Inspection
Your first weeks in a Portuguese home are full of small discoveries. There is a strap on the wall beside the window. There is a little box in the kitchen that roars to life when you turn on the hot tap. There is a gas bottle under the sink, and the house feels wonderfully cool in August and surprisingly chilly in January.
In Portugal, all of this is perfectly normal. Portuguese homes were built for the Portuguese climate, and once you understand how they work, living in one becomes a pleasure. Here is a friendly guide to the things that puzzle newcomers most, and the simple habits that keep a Portuguese home comfortable all year round.
The Roller Shutters (Estores)
Almost every window in Portugal has an external roller shutter, raised and lowered by a fabric strap or a small crank on the inside wall. Newer homes often have electric ones with a switch.
They are not just for privacy. On a summer afternoon, lowering the shutters on the sunny side of the house stops the heat before it reaches the glass, which is far more effective than an inside curtain. Many Portuguese families close them in the morning and open them again in the evening, when the air outside is cooler. In winter, they do the opposite job: lowered at night, they add a layer of insulation and help hold in the warmth.
Treat the strap gently. Pull it in a straight line rather than at an angle, and do not let it snap back. A worn or fraying strap is a cheap and simple thing to replace before it breaks.
Roller shutters in a Portuguese home, Photo provided by Caryn Pamorca
The Gas Water Heater (Esquentador)
If a small white box on the kitchen or utility room wall clicks and whooshes when you turn on a hot tap, you have an esquentador. It heats water instantly as it flows, so there is no hot water tank and the hot water never runs out.
Esquentador with flue, Photo provided by Caryn Pamorca
There are three things worth knowing:
It needs air. A gas water heater burns gas, so the room it sits in needs ventilation. Never block the vent grilles in the wall or window, even when it is cold.
It needs a flue. The pipe from the top of the heater should lead safely outside. If it has been disconnected, or the heater sits in a closed cupboard, have it looked at by a qualified technician.
It should be serviced annually. A yearly check keeps it efficient and safe. A carbon monoxide alarm nearby costs little and gives real peace of mind.
Some homes use an electric water tank (termoacumulador) instead. It takes time to heat up, so if the water runs cold after a long shower, simply wait a while.
Electric water heater (termoacumulador) over azulejos, Photo provided by Caryn Pamorca
The Gas Bottle (Botija)
Many Portuguese homes, including smart modern ones, are not connected to mains gas. The cooker and the water heater run from a gas bottle, usually kept in a kitchen cupboard or on a balcony.
When it runs out, you swap it for a full one. Petrol stations, supermarkets, and many local shops exchange bottles, and some suppliers deliver. Keep a spare if you have room, because a bottle always seems to run out halfway through a shower or a Sunday lunch. Check the rubber hose and regulator now and then: they have a date printed on them and should be replaced when they get old or start to crack.
Tiled Floors and Thick Walls
Tiled and stone floors, thick masonry walls and small, deep windows are not old-fashioned choices. They are a clever response to long, hot summers. Heavy materials absorb heat slowly, so a traditional house stays cool through the hottest part of the day.
The same logic explains why many homes feel cold in winter. Those thick walls take a long time to warm up, and most Portuguese homes were never designed with central heating, because for most of the year it simply was not needed. Rugs, a few good blankets and slippers make a real difference, and many people heat just the rooms they use with an air-conditioning unit that also heats (look for “heat pump” or bomba de calor), a pellet stove or a wood burner.
Terracotta tiled staircase, Photo provided by Caryn Pamorca
Why There Is Often No Central Heating
Visitors from northern Europe and North America are often surprised by this, so it is worth saying clearly: a home without central heating is completely normal in Portugal. It is not a sign of a poorly built or neglected house.
What matters more is how the home handles winter damp, which brings us to the most useful habit of all.
Five Simple Habits That Keep a Portuguese Home Happy
Open the windows every day, even in winter. Ten minutes of fresh air in the morning lets out the moisture from cooking, showers, and breathing. Many people do the opposite in their first winter, closing everything up to keep warm, and then wonder why black spots appear on the walls. Damp air that cannot escape settles on the coldest surfaces, usually the corners of outside walls and behind wardrobes.
Leave a little space behind the furniture. Pull wardrobes, beds and sofas a few centimetres away from outside walls so the air can move behind them.
Use a dehumidifier in winter. It is one of the best small investments for a Portuguese home. You will be amazed how much water it collects, and the rooms will feel warmer and fresher.
Keep the water away. Before the autumn rains, clear the gutters, roof terrace drains, and balcony outlets of leaves. In bathrooms, keep an eye on the silicone around the shower and bath, and renew it when it starts to peel or darken.
Look after the outside. Painted walls, wooden shutters, and window frames last much longer with a little regular care. In coastal areas, salt air is hard on metal railings and fittings, so a wipe-down and a fresh coat of paint every few years pays off.
Helping Your Home, not Working Against It
Portuguese houses reward people who work with them. Shade the windows in summer, open them every morning in winter, heat the rooms you live in, and give the house a little seasonal attention. Do that, and your home will keep you cool when the rest of Europe is sweltering, and cosy when the winter rain arrives.
If you are still house-hunting, it helps to look at each property with these points in mind: ask how the water is heated, where the gas comes from, and how the house is kept warm and dry in winter. The answers will tell you a lot about how it will feel to live there.
Traditional kitchen with azulejos, Photo provided by Caryn Pamorca
About the Author
Caryn Pamorca is the founder ofPIDS Home and Property Inspection, with a background in civil engineering. PIDS inspections are carried out by registered Portuguese architects and civil engineers, members of the Ordem dos Arquitectos and the Ordem dos Engenheiros, and help buyers from abroad understand the condition of a home before they buy. Find out more at pidsinspection.com.
Every country has its storyteller. Shakespeare put England on a global stage, Italy’s Dante took us to both Heaven and Hell, and Homer breathed life into ancient Greece. But among this global pantheon of writers, there is one figure who remains somewhat elusive outside of his homeland – Luís de Camões. Revered for his poetic brilliance, adventurous life, and timeless works, Camões captures the Portuguese spirit in all its facets – from love and loss to exploration and honor.
Despite his lasting influence, the life of Camões was far from easy or prosperous. It was marked by war, adventure, love, and loss. He gave voice to Portugal’s Golden Age and, through his magnum opus, Os Lusíadas, immortalized the age of exploration and the spirit of his people. Join me as we journey into the extraordinary life of Luís de Camões through these eight fascinating facts.
1. He Was Portugal’s Answer to Shakespeare and Homer
To understand Camões, one must first understand Os Lusíadas – the national epic of Portugal and his crowning literary achievement. Written in 1572, Os Lusíadas (translated as The Lusiads) is an epic poem that celebrates the Portuguese Age of Discovery, particularly Vasco da Gama’s pioneering sea voyage to India. The work reflects Portugal’s pride, ambitions, and sense of identity during its Golden Age, encapsulating the hopes, dreams, and aspirations of an entire nation.
Much like The Odyssey or The Aeneid, Camões’s work combines history with myth, interweaving tales of gods and heroes. Through divine interventions and mortal struggles, Os Lusíadas tells the story of Portugal’s explorers, immortalizing their courage and persistence against adversity. Written in ten cantos, the poem spans nearly 9,000 lines and follows the heroic journey of Vasco da Gama, framing him as a Portuguese Odysseus who must overcome supernatural obstacles to reach his destination. Camões’s work is a lyrical love letter to Portugal’s explorers, capturing the dangers, wonders, and sacrifices of their voyages.
Cover of the first edition of Os Lusíadas, from 1572, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons
Os Lusíadas is far more than an epic adventure, though. It is also an introspective work, exploring the human cost of exploration and conquest. Camões was one of the first writers to acknowledge the darker side of empire. He wrote about the glory but also the hardship and brutality faced by those who ventured into the unknown. With this masterpiece, Camões cemented his place as one of the greatest poets of the Western literary canon.
2. Camões Lost Sight in One Eye During Battle
If Camões’s life were a novel, it would undoubtedly include a chapter on bravery and valor. Before he became Portugal’s greatest poet, he served as a soldier and fought for his country in North Africa, a place of constant conflict between Portuguese and Moorish forces. During a naval battle in the Strait of Gibraltar, Camões lost sight in his right eye, a wound that became a part of his identity. His eye would eventually become symbolic of his indomitable spirit and adventurous character, a physical scar that embodied the inner resilience he needed to face the struggles ahead.
Camões did not see his injury as a setback; instead, it became a badge of honor. In a time when Portugal was expanding its empire and soldiers were seen as noble heroes, Camões’s wound only added to his legendary persona. To many, he represented the ideal Portuguese hero: a fearless poet-warrior with a poetic soul and a scarred face that told the tale of his bravery.
Statue of Luis de Camoes at Jardim Marques de Pombal, Oeiras, Portugal. Photo by Pedro Ribeiro Simoes (Flickr)
3. He Had a Passionate and Scandalous Love Life
Camões lived in a time of rigid class structures and social expectations, but that didn’t stop him from pursuing his heart’s desires. As a young man, he fell deeply in love with Catarina de Ataíde, a noblewoman far above his station. His passion for her was as fervent as it was forbidden, and the affair was considered scandalous – especially since Camões was a commoner. Many of his most touching sonnets are thought to have been inspired by Catarina, a muse who filled his verse with longing, heartbreak, and beauty.
Portrait of Luís de Camões, 1581, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons
Camões’s love poetry is as powerful as his epic works. His sonnets, written in the Petrarchan style, delve into the nuances of love: its beauty, pain, and the intense longing it creates. These poems have resonated across centuries and remain beloved by Portuguese readers, who see in Camões’s work a reflection of their own romantic ideals.
Despite his romantic exploits, Camões’s personal life was marked by loneliness. Throughout his life, he struggled with relationships and spent much of his later years alone. His poetry reflects this isolation, capturing the bittersweet tension between love’s ideal and its sometimes painful reality.
4. He Survived a Shipwreck and Saved His Manuscript
Camões’s life was filled with hardships, but his dedication to his craft was unwavering. While returning to Portugal from the East Indies in 1569, the ship he was on sank off the coast of what is now Vietnam. Camões managed to swim to shore, clutching the only thing he couldn’t bear to lose – his manuscript of Os Lusíadas. Legend has it that he held the precious pages above his head as he swam, determined to preserve his life’s work.
This image of Camões, drenched and exhausted but still holding onto his manuscript, has become emblematic of his spirit. It was an act of loyalty to his art that few could replicate, and it has inspired generations of Portuguese to hold onto their passions with the same fierce devotion. This tale of the shipwreck serves as a metaphor for the poet’s life: no matter how turbulent his circumstances, he never abandoned his poetic calling.
Luís de Camões saving his manuscript, Public Domain
5. He Endured Financial Hardship Throughout His Life
Camões’s financial struggles are legendary, and they add a layer of tragedy to his story. Despite his immense talent, he never achieved wealth or stability. After returning to Portugal with the hopes of securing royal patronage, he was granted a modest pension by King Sebastião, but it was barely enough to sustain him.
Living a life of near poverty, Camões spent his final years in a small, rented room in Lisbon, battling illness and financial difficulties. His struggle with poverty has become part of the Camões legend, a reminder of the sacrifices he made for his art. When he died in 1580, he was buried in a simple grave, with little ceremony or fanfare.
Drawing by Alfredo Roque Gameiro, titled “Camões reads The Lusiads to the Holy Office censor”; it was published in an illustrated edition of The Lusiads, 1900, Public Domain
6. He Wrote Some of the Most Powerful Sonnets in the Portuguese Language
Camões is best known for Os Lusíadas, but his lyrical poetry is equally extraordinary. His sonnets are among the most cherished works in Portuguese literature, exploring themes of love, fate, and existential reflection. His sonnets captured the complexity of human emotions with a sensitivity that is as relevant today as it was in the 16th century.
Camões’s sonnets differ from those of other poets in that they carry a deep, almost philosophical introspection. While his contemporaries wrote about love in idealized forms, Camões delved into the pain and complexity of real relationships. His poems are often tinged with melancholy and reflect a worldview shaped by his own experiences of hardship and loss.
Camões and the Tágides (river nymphs) by Columbano, Public Domain
7. He Wrote During Portugal’s Golden Age of Exploration and Empire
Camões lived and wrote during the Age of Discovery, a period of immense exploration and expansion for Portugal. This was a time when Portuguese sailors were navigating uncharted waters, establishing trade routes, and discovering new lands. The Portuguese empire was at its height, and Camões’s poetry reflects both the pride and the complexities of this era.
In Os Lusíadas, he portrays Vasco da Gama and other explorers as heroic figures, but he also addresses the darker side of conquest. While he celebrates Portugal’s achievements, he does not shy away from showing the sacrifices made by the explorers and the costs of empire-building. Camões’s work stands as both a celebration and a critique of Portugal’s imperial ambitions and captures the dualities of an age marked by both triumph and tragedy.
Camões’s willingness to question the consequences of Portugal’s imperial pursuits was revolutionary for his time. Through his poetry, he provided a nuanced perspective on the Age of Exploration, one that acknowledged the glories of empire while also exploring its moral ambiguities.
Azores 1898 Mi 94 Stamp Flagship São Gabriel, 400th anniversary of discovering the seaway to India, Public Domain
8. Camões Is a National Hero and Cultural Icon
Today, Camões is celebrated not only as a literary figure but as a national hero. His legacy is so deeply woven into Portuguese identity that his death anniversary, June 10, is commemorated as “Dia de Camões,” a national holiday that celebrates Portuguese language and culture. Statues of Camões can be found throughout Portugal, and his image once graced the country’s currency. His work continues to be a source of national pride, and his spirit lives on in the Portuguese language itself.
Camões is a symbol of Portugal’s resilience, creativity, and courage. His work has inspired countless generations of Portuguese people, reminding them of their rich history and the values that define them.
Illustration of “Histoires des météores”, p.260, Public Domain
Legacy Beyond Portugal
Camões’s influence extends beyond Portugal’s borders. His works have been translated into numerous languages, and his poetry has influenced writers, artists, and thinkers around the world. Os Lusíadas is studied as both a literary masterpiece and a historical document that offers insight into a pivotal time in world history.
In Brazil, Angola, and other Portuguese-speaking countries, Camões is revered as a cultural icon. His poems are taught in schools, his life is celebrated in folklore, and his words are recited at gatherings and festivals. The reach of his work is a testament to its universal appeal and timeless wisdom.
Final Thoughts
Luís de Camões’s life was as epic as his poetry. A true Renaissance man, he lived through love and war, faced triumph and tragedy, and poured his soul into his work. His legacy continues to shape Portuguese identity and offers a glimpse into the values, struggles, and dreams of a people who have endured through the ages. So, whether you’re reading Os Lusíadas or one of his intimate sonnets, you’re stepping into the mind of a poet who captured the Portuguese soul – a soul defined by love, resilience, and an unbreakable spirit.
Portugal, land of sun, sea and fine wines, has ancient secrets and natural wonders under its feet that few people know about. Beneath the surface, a network of caves, mysterious wells, and Roman galleries are just waiting to be discovered. Come with us on a journey through some of Portugal’s most fascinating underground treasures.
1. The Mira d’Aire Caves
In the heart of Portugal, near the small town of Mira d’Aire, lie some of the largest and most impressive caves in the country. Discovered in 1947, the Mira d’Aire Caves extend for more than 11 kilometers, although only a small part is accessible to the public.
As we descend the steep stairs, the cool, humid air envelops us, and the soft lights reveal stalactites and stalagmites that look like otherworldly sculptures. Your imagination may run wild as you contemplate the bizarre and intriguing shapes sculpted by the water over thousands of years. The main chamber, known as the Great Hall, is a cavernous hall that evokes a natural cathedral, where the grandeur of nature is displayed in all its splendor.
One of the many galleries of the Mira de Aire caves, Pedro Albuquerque, Flickr
2. Quinta da Regaleira Initiation Well
In Sintra, a land of palaces and lush gardens, there is a well that seems to be straight out of a Gothic fairy tale. The Initiation Well at Quinta da Regaleira, with its nine levels symbolizing the nine circles of Dante’s inferno, is a place shrouded in mystery and symbolism.
The Initiation Well of Quinta da Regaleira in Sintra, Portugal
As you descend the spiral staircase, each step takes you deeper into an introspective journey. The stone walls, covered in moss, and the openings that let in soft light create an almost supernatural atmosphere. At the bottom of the well, a mosaic of a Templar cross marks the end of the descent and the beginning of a new understanding.
3. Lisbon’s Roman Galleries
Beneath the bustling streets of downtown Lisbon lie Roman galleries that have remained forgotten for centuries! Discovered accidentally after the 1755 earthquake, these underground structures are a window into the city’s Roman past.
Every year, for a few days in April and September, the galleries are opened to the public, allowing a rare opportunity to explore this labyrinth of tunnels and arches. Walking through these narrow passages, lit only by lanterns, is like traveling back in time. The cold stone underfoot and the feeling of confinement increase the connection with the ancient Romans who once walked here.
4. Alvados Caves
Not far from the Mira d’Aire Caves, the Alvados Caves offer an equally impressive experience. Known for their natural beauty and unique formations, these caves are a hidden treasure in the Serra de Aire.
The journey through the caves reveals a symphony of shapes and colors, where the stalactites hang like swords of Damocles and the stalagmites stand like silent sentinels. The dripping water creates a hypnotic rhythm that echoes through the chambers.
The Alvados Caves, Michael O’Brien, Flickr
5. Loulé Rock Salt Mine
One of the most fascinating underground attractions in the Algarve is the Loulé Rock Salt Mine. This mine is still in operation and offers guided tours that descend to more than 230 meters below the surface. The sensation of descending into the underground world is overwhelming, and the magnitude of the mining operation is impressive.
The salt galleries, illuminated by artificial lights, create a surreal atmosphere. The bright white walls reflect the light, transforming the mine into a kind of ice cave. The silence here is almost palpable, which is interrupted only by the occasional sound of machines at work.
6. Algar do Carvão
In the Azores, Algar do Carvão is a geological rarity: a volcanic chimney accessible to the public. Located on the island of Terceira, this fascinating place offers a unique view of the interior of a dormant volcano.
Algar do Carvão, Terceira Island, Zealousy6, Flickr
The descent into Algar do Carvão is a journey into the heart of the earth. The volcanic walls, covered in lush vegetation, create an almost primordial atmosphere. At the bottom, an underground lake reflects the irregular walls, which creates a spectacle of light and shadow.
7. Santo António Caves
Near Porto de Mós, the Santo António Caves are another example of Portugal’s intriguing underground world. Discovered in 1955, these caves are known for their impressive limestone formations and the clarity of the underground water.
Walking through the caves is like exploring an underground palace. The wide chambers and winding passages are adorned with delicate stalactites and imposing stalagmites. The soft lighting highlights the natural beauty of the formations and turns the visit into an almost magical experience.
Santo António Caves, AiresDosSantos, Flickr
8. Benagil Cave
On the picturesque coastline of the Algarve, near Lagos, lies one of Portugal’s most iconic natural formations: the Benagil Cave. Only accessible by sea, this cave hides a golden sandy beach and is famous for its opening in the ceiling, which lets in sunlight, creating a stunning natural spectacle.
Paddling into Benagil Cave is an experience in itself. As you approach the entrance to the cave, the sound of the waves reverberates off the rocky walls, amplifying the sense of mystery. Inside, the sunlight penetrating through the ceiling illuminates the turquoise water and golden sand, creating an almost ethereal atmosphere. It’s a place where nature seems to have decided to carve out a piece of hidden paradise, waiting to be discovered by those willing to venture out.
Benagil Caves. Photo by 777 S (Unsplash)
9. Moeda Caves
Located near Fátima, the Moeda Caves are another underground wonder worth visiting. Discovered in 1971 by two hunters, these caves offer a spectacle of limestone formations that seem straight out of a work of art.
The guided tour of the caves takes us along a 350-meter path, where stalactites and stalagmites compete for our attention. The main chamber, known as the Crib Room, is particularly impressive, with formations reminiscent of biblical figures. The combination of artificial lights and natural forms creates a magical atmosphere, each corner revealing a new surprise.
Moeda Caves, nmmacedo, Flickr
10. Castromil Gold Mine
In the north of Portugal, near Paredes, we find the Castromil Gold Mine. These ancient mines were exploited by the Romans and later during the gold rush of the 19th and 20th centuries. Today, they are a fascinating testimony to the history of gold mining in Portugal.
A visit to the mines allows you to learn about the gold extraction techniques used over the centuries. The dark galleries and deep shafts create a sense of adventure, while the displays of old tools and mining remains transport us to a bygone era. Exploring these mines is a history lesson about the gold rush that once swept this region.
11. Escoural Caves
In the Alentejo region, the Escoural Caves are an important archaeological site that offers a glimpse into prehistoric life. Discovered in 1963, these caves contain cave paintings and animal bones dating back to the Upper Paleolithic.
Entering the caves is like entering a natural museum. The walls are covered with paintings of animals and human figures made over 20,000 years ago. The presence of bone remains and stone tools indicates that these caves were inhabited by hunter-gatherers, making them one of the most important archaeological sites in Portugal. The visit is an educational journey into humanity’s distant past.
Escoural Caves, Vitor Oliveira, Flickr
Final Thoughts
Exploring Portugal’s underground world of caves, mines, and galleries offer unique adventures, each place representing a piece of Portugal’s vast underground puzzle. From the stunning Mira d’Aire Caves to Lisbon’s intriguing Roman galleries, Underground Portugal is a treasure waiting to be discovered. Venture out, explore, and allow yourself to be captivated by the secrets hidden beneath your feet.
Subscribe to our newsletter below to get the latest news, reviews, info and more!
We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.
