The Assumption of the Virgin Mary is celebrated in Portugal on August 15th as a national holiday. According to Catholic tradition, the Virgin Mary was taken up to heaven, body and soul, to join her son, Jesus Christ. The Virgin Mary is more than a respected and beloved religious figure in Portugal; she is revered as the queen of Portugal and connected with key events in the country’s fight for independence.
As part of the celebrations for August 15th, feasts are held in local churches and an annual festival known as Romaria is held in several locations across Portugal. The festivities include brass bands, drums, and traditional Galician bagpipes, while images of Mary, Queen of Angels, are crowned in churches.
For those visiting or living in Lisbon, there are four places to catch the August 15th celebrations in the Municipality of Mafra: Barreiralva, Monte Bom, Enxara do Bispo, and Cheleiros. The events include pilgrimages and masses, culminating in community parties where locals share food and regional products.
A traditional treat during these celebrations is the “parrameiro,” a unique sweet bread that stands out from everyday bread due to its enriched dough made with eggs, sugar, and aromatic ingredients. It is widely popular throughout Mafra and known by various names such as the bride and groom cake, party cake, cargo cake, fogaça, or horseshoe. Despite its variations in composition, texture, and shape, the “horseshoe” form is most common.
The recipe for this sweet bread has evolved over the years. Originally sweetened with honey, it is now made with sugar. Traditionally, it was baked at home with great care in wood-fired ovens and often placed on fig leaves to enhance flavor and prevent ash contamination.
Because August 15th is celebrated during one of the biggest holiday periods in Portugal, the beaches are also usually full. Whether you spend the holiday at church or at the beach, we hope you enjoy the holiday!
Looking for the ultimate in relaxation? Our guide to Portugal’s best spas has you covered. From island retreats on the Azores to quiet mountain towns in the Algarve, these spa towns offer relaxing getaways from the everyday routine in Portugal. Portugal’s hot springs, or “termas,” have been known for their health benefits for centuries and provide a comprehensive wellness experience. Portugal’s spas do not provide the lush facilities of Thailand, Bali, or Switzerland, but they do allow visitors to step back in time and admire the charm of slower-paced life. So, slow down, sit back, and enjoy these Portuguese six spa towns.
1. Caldas de Monchique
The village of Caldas de Monchique is a 10-minute drive from the enchanting town of Monchique in the northern Algarve. These baths are renowned for their mineral-rich waters, high in bicarbonates, sodium, and fluorine, which provide therapeutic benefits for muscular pain, diseases, and respiratory illnesses. Visitors can get spa treatments if they stay in the 5-star Monchique Resort & Spa and and/or enjoy a swim in one of two outdoor swimming pools. You can also just visit the small town of Caldas de Monchique as part of your visit to Monchique. In this case, you can take a drink from the Fonte os Amores and walk along the stream to a small church dedicated to Saint Theresa.
The water from Monchique has a pH of 9.5 and is some of the most alkaline in the world. Due to its high quality, Monchique also bottles and sells its water throughout Portugal. So, if you don’t take a dip in the water, you can at least take a sip! Whether you go for a spa treatment, visit one of the art galleries, or hike along one of its many hiking trails, you are certainly in for a treat if you visit Monchique.
Our next destination takes us to another part of Portugal entirely – the breathtaking Azores, specifically the town of Furnas on São Miguel Island. The volcanic origins of the island create a thermal paradise, with Furnas featuring steamy, iron-rich pools surrounded by lush vegetation and tropical trees. There are a few hot springs in the area, but Parque Terra Nostra is a highlight due to its rich history and iconic thermal pool full of natural iron-rich water. The water temperature is right around 37 °C (98.6 °F), which makes for a very pleasant experience.
Ten minutes down the road from Parque Terra Nostra is a more modern but equally pleasant experience at Poça da Dona Beija, where you can gaze out at the tropical scenery while soaking in four different hot pools at slightly different temperatures. Trips here need to be booked in advance and, due to the popularity of the hot springs, you can only stay for a set amount of time. Here, you even have the option to bathe under the stars as the thermal baths stay open until 11:00 pm!
Parque Terra Nostra, Furnas, Sao Miguel Island, David Stanley, FlickrPoça da Dona Beija, Photo by Becky Gillespie
3. Termas de Unhais da Serra
In the middle of the Serra da Estrela Natural Park, the Mountain Spa Aquadome, integrated into the H2otel Congress & Medical Spa in Unhais da Serra, offers a unique health and wellness destination. Known as the first Portuguese mountain spa and one of Europe’s largest, it provides numerous therapeutic and beauty treatments focused on physical and spiritual rehabilitation. Visitors can enhance both body and mind and enjoy a comprehensive wellness experience looking out at a beautiful natural setting.
The facility is divided into distinct sections, each catering to specific needs: AquaTermas for respiratory diseases, AquaFisio with an impressive osteopathic and physiotherapy center, AquaCorpus combining oriental and western cosmetic techniques, and AquaLudic featuring themed pools. This variety ensures a truly incredible experience, making Termas de Unhais da Serra one of Portugal’s finest spas.
Termas de Unhais da Serra, José María Andrés, Flickr
4. Termas de Luso
In the heart of the Buçaco mountains in central Portugal, the termas in Luso are ideal for those looking to care for themselves inside and out. Part of the Grande Hotel do Luso complex, this spa combines the charm of a historic hotel with a contemporary space that includes a hot spring spa and the Malo Clinic Spa Luso, a rehabilitation medical center. The blend of old-world elegance and modern amenities makes it a unique destination at the foot of the enchanting Buçaco Forest.
The Luso hot springs offer benefits for those suffering from metabolic disorders, urinary tract issues, muscular system challenges, and chronic respiratory diseases. Visitors can indulge in a large variety of treatments for twelve months of the year. The spa is open Mondays to Fridays from 9:00 am – 1:00 pm, 2:00 pm – 6:00 pm, and Saturdays from 10:00 am – 1:00 pm, 3:00 pm – 8:00 pm. Just to give you an idea, a half-day spa pass including a 40-minute massage costs €127. Many other treatment combinations are available.
Termas Spa do Luso, Philips Indal Lighting Solutions, Flickr
5. Termas das Caldas da Rainha
Termas das Caldas da Rainha in Caldas da Rainha was founded in 1484 by Queen Dona Leonor. Legend has it that the queen, suffering from an illness, discovered the healing properties of the sulfur-rich waters and subsequently established what is considered the world’s oldest thermal hospital. Over the centuries, the site has evolved, with King D. João V and administrator Rodrigo Berquó contributing to its expansion and modernization, transforming it into a significant health and wellness destination.
Spa treatments at Termas das Caldas da Rainha were actually suspended between 2009 and 2022 after the “legionela” bacterium was detected in the pipes where the thermal water circulated. After 13 years and 500,000 euros of renovation work, the south wing of the Thermal Hospital reopened for treatments on September 26, 2022 from Mondays to Fridays from 9:00 am – 7:00 pm, and Saturdays from 9:00 am – 1:00 pm.
Hospital Termal das Caldas da Rainha, Vitor Oliveira, Wikimedia Commons
6. Termas do Gêres
The Termas do Gêres, located in the stunning Peneda-Gêres Natural Park in Northern Portugal, offers an unforgettable retreat in the heart of nature. Surrounded by lakes and mountains, these hot springs were first discovered by the Romans and the first bathing facilities were constructed in the beginning of the 18th century.
The best place to stay is the Águas do Gerês – Hotel, Termas & Spa located right across from the Termas do Gerês. Please note that access to the spa facility is not included with your hotel stay. It is also important to check with the reception about the details of the specific treatment that you wish to purchase including length of the massage, whether access to the jacuzzi is included, etc. Bathing in the mineral water here is said to aid cellular regeneration and relieve conditions such as obesity, gout, and diabetes. Get away from it all and treat yourself to a few days of rest and wellness.
Terras de Bouro, Parque das Termas do Gerês, Vítor Ribeiro, Flickr
Final Thoughts
The thermal spas of Portugal offer a diverse and rejuvenating experience for wellness seekers. From the mineral-rich waters of Termas das Caldas de Monchique in the Algarve to the volcanic hot springs of Parque Terra Nostra in São Miguel, Azores, each spa provides unique therapeutic benefits in stunning natural settings.
If you’ve decided to take the Portuguese Way (Camino Portugues) to reach Santiago de Compostela, the most visited sacred Christian site in Europe, we know that there is a lot of planning involved. Maybe you’re also here to understand if you’re ready to embark on this spiritual journey.
Either way, we’re here to help! We’ve gathered everything you need to know about the Camino Portugues, so let’s get started!
Santiago Ways – The Camino Portugues
Photo by Alexander Schimmeck (Unsplash)
If you’re reading this article, you probably already know a lot about the Santiago Ways – a network of pilgrimages that start in different points across Europe and end at the cathedral of Santiago de Compostela in Galicia.
The remains of James the Great, one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus and the patron saint of Spain, are buried at the cathedral. As such, pilgrims take these routes to reach the remains of Santiago as a way to cleanse themselves and grow spiritually. In fact, these routes have been the most important Christian pilgrimages ever since the Middle Ages.
There are several Santiago Ways, the Camino Portugues being the second most popular. It has two starting points: the cathedral in Lisbon or the cathedral in Porto.
Statistics show that the Camino Portugues has registered almost 53,000 pilgrims over 10 months, which represents nearly 20% of the total number of pilgrims that reached Santiago de Compostela within that period, confirming that this route is preferred by many.
Furthermore, many pilgrims are particularly interested in the Camino Portugues – Coastal Route, which, over that same period, served as a pathway to Galicia for almost 6,500 pilgrims, accounting for 4.41%. This makes the coastal Portuguese Camino the 7th most popular Santiago Way!
Camino Portugues – General Details
Camino Portugues, Routes from Porto Blue Line – the Litoral Way Green Line – the Coastal Route Red Line – the Central Route Purple Line – the Spiritual Variant
Here are some general details about the Camino Portugues:
Lisbon to Santiago de Compostela: 379 miles (610 km)
End point: Obradoiro Square in Santiago de Compostela
Porto to Santiago de Compostela (Camino Portugues Central Route): 162 miles (260 km)
Porto to Santiago de Compostela (Camino Portugues Coastal Route): 174 miles (280 km)
Starting point: Se Cathedral in Porto
Duration: 12 – 15 days
End point: Obradoiro Square in Santiago de Compostela
Tui to Santiago de Compostela: 73 miles (118 km)
Starting point: the Cathedral of Santa Maria de Tui
Duration: 5 – 7 days
End point: Obradoiro Square in Santiago de Compostela
Camino Portugues – from Lisbon to Porto
The Camino Portugues from Lisbon to Porto is, obviously, the longest. Nonetheless, it goes without saying that it takes you through the most uplifting spiritual and cultural path. And we’re here to guide you through it.
If you’re thinking of taking the long Camino Portugues, there’s an important thing you should know – the road from Lisbon to Porto is slightly off the beaten track. In other words, you won’t pass any very touristy places. However, this is actually what makes this route incredibly authentic. You’ll see the raw Portugal.
One thing that makes this route slightly difficult is the lack of infrastructure for pilgrims, which is understandable, considering that few pilgrims actually take this route. This means that your pilgrimage may be more expensive because the albergues (hotels for pilgrims) are often 31 miles (50 km) apart, so you may have to book a room in a hotel.
Other than that, the Camino Portugues from Lisbon is a marvel to behold! It’s not a leisurely walk, but it’s also not a crazy high-altitude hike far off the beaten path. Obviously, you’ll get tired, considering that you’ll also have your backpack, but it’s always better to walk on straight roads rather than hills.
Lisbon to Porto – Camino Portugues Route
Now, you’re probably wondering if beginning your Portuguese Way to Santiago de Compostela from Lisbon is worth it. We’ll share the route to help you decide. Keep reading to learn more about the stops along the Portuguese Camino.
The Portuguese Camino – From Lisbon to Golegã
Camino Portugues from Lisbon
In Lisbon, you’ll head to the Parque das Nações and then to the countryside, although some people prefer to take the train to the next stop, which is…
Vila Franca de Xira, a beautiful town known for its bullfighting festival.
There is no private or municipal albergue, so you’ll have to book a hotel room.
Vila Franca de Xira -> Azambuja = 12 miles (19 km)
You’ll still follow the Tejo River while walking to Azambuja, a pretty town known for its bull run.
There’s a municipal albergue in Azambuja where you can stay the night; it’s called Albergue Abrigo Do Peregrino.
Azambuja -> Santarém = 17 miles (27 km)
This route is filled with gems, vineyards, crop fields, orchards, etc.; Santarem is the highest point of the route (110 meters high); it’s an incredibly beautiful Moorish city with narrow streets that will feel like a time-machine!
It’s worth noting that approximately 6.2 miles (10 km) of this Camino Portugues is through open fields, so make sure you have enough water and can protect yourself from the sun.
There’s a municipal albergue in Santarem; it’s called Albergue N1 Hostel, and you can book the room online.
Santarem -> Golegã = 19 miles (32 km)
As you head northwest to Golegã, you’ll see authentic villages and dozens of horses and bulls!
You can stay at an albergue in Golegã.
If this route is too long, you can split it in half and stop somewhere in between, depending on the route you’ll take. For example, you can stop in São Vicente do Paul or Azinhaga, where you can stay at Albergue de Peregrinos de Azinhaga.
The Portuguese Camino – from Golegã to Coimbra
Camino Portugues, from Golega to Coimbra
Golega -> Tomar = 17.4 miles (28 km)
On your way to Tomar, make sure to stop by the famous manor house Quinta da Cardiga. Then, yet again, you’ll pass through several small villages until you reach Tomar.
There are two municipal albergues in Tomar.
Tomar -> Alvaiázere = 18 miles (29 km)
The way from Tomar to Alvaiázere is as peaceful as it can get! It’s filled with woodlands, valleys, and ancient Roman roads. A true delight!
Alvaiázere does have an albergue, so make sure to check if there are any available rooms.
Alvaiazere -> Ansião = 8.6 miles (14 km)
As you’ve noticed, this part of Camino Portugues is shorter than others, mainly because it’s governed by hills.
There are no albergues in Ansião, so you’ll have to book a room.
Ansião -> Zambujal = 12.4 miles (20 km)
You can stay at a private albergue in Zambujal called Albergue Casa Das Raposas, which can accommodate 18 people.
Zambujal -> Coimbra = 14 miles (23 km)
And here we are, headed to Coimbra, one of Portugal’s most charming cities! On your way there, you’ll walk through some pretty villages, where you’ll see well-preserved old houses and a 16th-century bridge.
Coimbra has both municipal and private albergues.
The Portuguese Camino – From Coimbra to Porto
Camino Portugues, from Coimbra to Porto
Coimbra -> Mealhada = 14 miles (23 km)
The walk to Mealhada is quite pleasant and easy, except for the hill to Santa Luzia.
Mealhada has a private albergue called Hilario, which costs between 10 and 15 EUR.
Mealhada -> Agueda = 14 miles (23 km)
From Mealhada, the Camino Portugues takes you to Agueda through a beautiful trail filled with vineyards, forests, and small cities.
Agueda has a private albergue called Albergue Santo Antonio.
Agueda -> Albergaria A Nova = 13.6 miles (22 km)
On your way to Albergaria A Nova, you’ll walk on a road known as Via Romana XVI, an ancient Roman road with plenty of eucalyptus and pine trees.
This road is a bit difficult because it has two uphill walks. Apart from this, it’s a delight!
Albergaria A Nova has a private albergue, which can accommodate 12 people.
Albergaria A Nova -> São João da Madeira = 13 miles (21 km)
Today’s trip is a bit longer, but it’s totally worth it nonetheless! It will take you through both woodlands and cities. More precisely, you can stop in Oliveira de Azeméis, where you can check out the Matriz de São Miguel church, and the beautiful town of Arrifana. From there, you’ll walk along an ancient Roman road that will take you to São João da Madeira.
São João da Madeira has both municipal and private albergues.
São João da Madeira -> Grijó = 12.4 miles (20 km)
You’ll soon be in Porto, so this short 21-km-long walk should leave you excited, especially since there are a lot of cafes and shops on the road! You can stop for a coffee or lunch, then continue your walk to the charming city of Porto.
Grijó has a municipal albergue called Albergue São Salvador de Grijó.
Grijó -> Porto = 11 miles (18 km)
And here we are, arriving in Porto! If you want to explore the city, it’s best to start early from Grijó. Or, if you want to take a longer break, why not book a hotel room for two or three nights?! There’s undoubtedly plenty to see in the city before embarking on the second part of your Camino Portugues.
Tips for Your Camino Portuguese to Porto
Photo by Fabian Kühne (Unsplash)
We’ve prepared some tips for your Camino Portugues from Lisbon to Porto:
Make sure to have enough cash, as you may not find too many ATMs, especially in small towns or villages.
If possible, book your stay at the albergues beforehand, especially if you’re walking the Camino Portugues during the peak season.
Whenever you stumble upon a cafe, stop to refill your bottle because there may be no cafes over the next few miles.
If you have any health conditions you may need medication for, we recommend buying them in advance. Some cities have pharmacies, others don’t. In addition, pack some essentials just in case you need them – some painkillers, for example.
If you don’t mind prolonging your trip, you can merge your Camino Portugues with Camino de Fatima. Instead of heading to Tomar from Santarem, you’ll walk to Fatima and then to Ansiao. This way, you’ll visit the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Fatima, one of Europe’s most important Christian sites.
It’s best to have travel insurance for this walking trip.
May and June are the best months to begin your journey. It still rains occasionally in April, while July and August are too hot. You can also walk the Portuguese Way from Lisbon to Porto in September.
You’ll probably need approximately 25 – 30 EUR per person daily for food and accommodation.
Don’t pack too many things. There aren’t too many luggage transportation services from Lisbon to Porto.
The Camino Portugues – Coastal Route, from Porto to Santiago de Compostela
Now that we’ve arrived in Porto, it’s time to decide how we’ll reach Santiago de Compostela – through the Camino Portugues Coastal Route or the Camino Portugues Central Route.
As already mentioned, most pilgrims choose Porto as the starting point of their pilgrimage because the camino is more populated, there are more albergues on the route, and there are more luggage transportation services. And, of course, the obvious reason – the pilgrimage duration is cut in half because it only takes you approximately 15 days to reach Santiago de Compostela from Porto, regardless of what route you pick.
To help you pick the best route for you, we’ve included details about both. Let’s start with the coastal route, which seems to have gained much popularity in recent years.
The Portuguese Camino – the Coastal Route Stops
It will take you approximately 12 – 15 days to get from Porto to Santiago de Compostela through the coastal route of the Camino Portugues.
Before we begin our journey, we must mention that the coastal route doesn’t take you directly to the coast, meaning you won’t always walk through coastal cities.
If you want to walk closer to the shore, you’ll have to take the Litoral Way when leaving Porto, but it implies a longer detour. However, the Litoral Way and the Coastal Route merge at Vila do Conde (see below both routes for comparison).
Porto -> Vila Chã = 13 miles (21 km)
If you want to take the Litoral Way, you’ll go through Matosinhos, Lavra, and Labruge to reach Vila Chã. It’s a pleasant trip with plenty of cafes. However, it’s worth noting that the first 10 km of this route isn’t marked.
If you want to take the Coastal Route, you’ll go through Padrão de Légua, Vila Nova de Telha, and Labruge to reach Vila Chã.
Vila Chã has a municipal albergue called Municipal Albergue de S. Mamede.
Camino Portugues – the Litoral WayCamino Portugues – Coastal Route
Vila Chã -> Póvoa de Varzim = 9.3 miles (15 km)
On your way to Póvoa de Varzim, you’ll have a nice walk parallel to the coast with plenty of cafes to stop by. At one point, you’ll switch to a rather inland route, passing through Vila do Conde.
Póvoa de Varzim -> Esposende = 12 miles (19 km)
From Póvoa de Varzim, head toward Praia Estela, Praia Apúlia, and Praia Fão to reach Esposende.
Esposende -> Viana do Castelo = 13.7 miles (22 km)
The walk from Esposende to Viana do Castelo is a bit tiring because of the hills, but the scenery is undoubtedly worth it, as well as the historical center of our destination!
Once in Viana do Castelo, you can stay at the Albergue de Santa Luzia.
Viana do Castelo -> Vila Praia de Âncora = 15 miles (24 km)
Some pilgrims prefer walking past Vila Praia de Âncora, but we recommend stopping here for the night if you feel tired or aren’t experienced with such long walks.
The road from Viana do Castelo to Vila Praia de Âncora is quite pleasant, taking you through various places along the Atlantic coast while heading North.
Vila Praia de Âncora -> A Guarda = 8.6 miles (14 km)
And here we are, crossing the border to Spain! Today’s trip is quite beautiful with nice views and historical and authentic villages.
On your way to A Guarda, you’ll have to cross the Minho River by boat.
Once you’re in Spain you can, yet again, pick one of the two routes – the Litoral Way or the official Coastal Route. The Litoral Way is a bit longer but definitely worth it thanks to the stunning views and the pleasant breeze. The Coastal route takes you from A Guarda North through an inland route.
The Portuguese Camino through Spain
Portuguese Way – the Coastal Route
Let’s continue our Camino Portugues through Spain:
A Guarda -> Viladesuso = 11 miles (18 km)
Yet another walk along the Atlantic coast with plenty of nature to enjoy and sunshine to bathe in.
You can also take the inland route, which takes you through several villages and forests. However, it’s worth noting that this part doesn’t have too many shops or cafes, especially if you take the Litoral Way.
Viladesuso -> Baiona = 8.6 miles (14 km)
From Viladesuso, you can again pick a route – either along the shore or the official Coastal Route, which is a bit farther away from the Atlantic coast. There’s no big difference between them in terms of distance.
Once you reach Baiona, you can stay at one of the several albergues in the town.
Baiona -> Vigo = 13.7 miles (22 km)
Once again, you can pick the Litoral Way or the Coastal Route or combine the two. It’s worth noting that the Coastal Route takes you through industrial areas, and it’s slightly longer, so you may have to choose the Litoral Way if you prefer quiet walks and peaceful views.
In Vigo, you can stay at the Public Albergue de Vigo.
Vigo -> Redondela = 8.6 miles (14 km)
This short walking trip is filled with breathtaking views. However, it has a disadvantage – there are few restaurants and shops along the way. But it’s not a long or tiring walk, so we’re sure you’ll reach your destination safely!
In Redondela, you can stay at the Public Albergue de Redondela.
Portuguese Camino – Redondela to Santiago the Compostela
Redondela -> Pontevedra = 12 miles (19 km)
The route from Redondela to Pontevedra will mainly take you through forests, but there are still plenty of coffee shops along the way.
In Pontevedra, you can stay at the Public Albergue Virgen Peregrina or the Albergue Nacama Hostel Pontevedra.
Pontevedra -> Caldas de Reis = 14 miles (23 km)
Make sure to have breakfast before you begin today’s trip, or pack some snacks. The only cafes and restaurants are 6.2 miles (10 km) from Pontevedra.
Once in Caldas de Reis, you can stop at Albergue A Queimada or Albergue Agarimo.
Caldas de Reis -> Padrón = 10.5 miles (17 km)
On your way to Padrón, you’ll pass through peaceful forests with several cafes. When you reach Padrón, you can go for a walk along the Padrón promenade – it’s a true delight!
In Padrón, you can stay at Albergue Corredoiras, Hostel & Rooms O Albergue da Meiga, or at the public albergue.
Padron – Santiago de Compostela = 14 miles (23 km) (or split the distance between two days)
And here we are – on the last part of our Camino Portugues! The distance is indeed a bit longer today, and the walk is slightly difficult because the second half has many ascents and descents. However, if you think it’s too much for you, you can split this trip into two days – there’s no rush anyway!
In Santiago de Compostela, you can stay at Albergue Seminario Menor or Santiago KM-0.
Tips for Your Camino Portugues Coastal Route
Photo by Karina Skrypnik (Unsplash)
Here are some tips that can help you along the Camino Portugues Coastal Route:
You can combine the Litoral Way and the official Coastal Route in a way that suits you best.
Prepare approximately 25-40 EUR per person daily, depending on your accommodation and food choices.
You can use apps like Buen Camino or Wise Pilgrim on your trip.
You can use backpack delivery services – they are way more developed on the route from Porto to Santiago de Compostela than from Lisbon to Porto – to deliver your backpack to your next accommodation.
The stops we’ve shared are just recommendations. You can stay in different cities and split the stops depending on your hiking/walking experience.
Camino Portugues – The Central Route
Now that we’ve covered all the stops on the Coastal Route, let’s move to the Central Route. Although it was once preferred by most pilgrims, it is now slightly overshadowed by the Coastal Route.
Nonetheless, the Central Route of the Portuguese Camino is still the best choice for those interested in historical or cultural landmarks. In addition, it’s best to take the Central Route if you’re walking the Camino Portugues in, let’s say, April or October. You certainly don’t want to get trapped on a beach during a rainstorm.
The Central Route differs from the Coastal Route up until reaching Redondela. From Redondela to Santiago de Compostela, it’s the same route. Therefore, we’ll only outline the first half of the journey.
The Central Route – Porto to Redondela
Camino Portugues – Central Route
Porto -> Vilarinho das Cambas = 18 miles (29 km)
It’s quite a long walk but easy nonetheless. It takes you through various residential areas, forests, and small towns.
Vilarinho has a private albergue where you can stay.
If today’s trip is too long, you can stop in Trofa and continue your journey the next day.
Vilarinho -> Barcelos = 13.7 miles (22 km)
The first half of today’s walk is mostly through towns. The second half, however, changes the view completely as it takes you through a large forest. Once you reach Barcelos, you can check its historical center – a pleasant reward for such a long trip!
There’s an albergue in Barcelos, so you can check if they have any available rooms.
Barcelos -> Aborim = 7.5 miles (12 km)
On your way to Aborim, you’ll walk through forests and fields. There are also several restaurants and bakeries along the way.
Check out the Casa de Santiago Albergue in Aborim.
If the trip is too short, you can continue to Ponte de Lima – it will amount to 34 km.
Alternatively, you can walk from Barcelos to Vitorino dos Piães (13.6 mi or 22 km) and from there, to Ponte de Lima (7.5 mi or 12 km).
Aborim -> Ponte de Lima = 13.6 miles (22 km)
Ponte de Lima is a charming city – one of the most popular on the Portuguese Way.
There are plenty of hotels in Ponte de Lima where you can stay.
Ponte de Lima -> Rubiães = 11 miles (18 km)
This part can be quite tiring because there aren’t too many cafes and shops on the way to Rubiães, so you’ll have to pack water and snacks beforehand.
Rubiães has a municipal albergue, so you’re covered if you manage to find a room.
Portuguese Camino, the Central Route
Rubiães -> Tui = 12 miles (19 km)
It’s time to cross the border to Spain – in other words, we’re getting nearer and nearer to our destination!
Make sure to stop by the Valença Fortress!
Once in Tui, you can check in at a public albergue if it has any available rooms.
Tui -> Porriño = 9.3 miles (15 km)
The road from Tui to Porriño can be rather crowded – the thing is that many pilgrims walk only from Tui to Santiago de Compostela, as it’s the minimum required distance to get the Compostela certificate.
There are several private albergues in Porriño.
Porriño -> Redondela = 10 miles (16 km)
From Porriño, you’ll head to Veigadaña and the beautiful town of Mos. From there, you’ll walk through a forest to reach Redondela.
In Redondela, you can stay at the Public Albergue de Redondela.
From Redondela, head to the stops we’ve mentioned above (see the Coastal Route heading: Pontevedra, Caldas de Reis, Padron, and Santiago de Compostela).
The Spiritual Way – Camino Portugues
There’s another route you can take once you’re in Pontevedra – the Spiritual Variant. You’ll have to walk 50 miles (74 km) on foot and cross 17.4 miles (28 km) by boat. It is believed that the remains of Santiago reached the Iberian Peninsula through this route, which is why some pilgrims choose it.
It’s worth noting that the Spiritual Variant is a bit longer than the Central Route but totally worth it thanks to the spiritual enrichment and the picturesque setting!
In short, here’s how the Spiritual Variant differs from the Central Route:
Pontevedra -> A Armenteira = 13 miles (21 km)
Armenteira -> Vilanova de Arousa = 11 miles (18 km)
Vilanova de Arousa -> Padron = 18.7 miles (30 km), of which most are on the pilgrims’ boat
From Padron, you’ll continue your journey to Santiago de Compostela like other pilgrims.
Camino Portugues – the Spiritual Variant
About the Credencial and the Stamps
Let’s not forget about the Credencial or the so-called Pilgrim’s Passport. Without it, you won’t be able to stay at the albergues or pilgrim’s hostels. Without it, you won’t receive the Compostela certificate either, so take great care of it!
In order to get the Compostela certificate, you have to walk at least 100 km. You’ll have to collect at least two stamps daily for your Credencial. You can stop at churches or town halls for the stamps. Once you reach your destination, you’ll have to show your Credencial to apply for the Camino Compostela certificate.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the best time of year to walk the Portuguese Camino?
The best time of the year to walk the Portuguese Camino is May, June, and September. The weather is best during those months. By contrast, April and October are quite rainy, July and August are extremely hot. The months between November and April are cold, rainy, and windy, and many albergues are closed.
How long does it take to walk the Portuguese Way?
It takes approximately 25 – 30 days to walk the Portuguese Way from Lisbon and 12 – 15 days to walk the Portuguese Way from Porto. It takes 5 – 7 days to walk the Portuguese Way from Tui.
Is the Portuguese Camino Difficult?
Without a doubt, the Portuguese Camino isn’t for beginners. It requires preparation and training because, ultimately, you’ll walk approximately 25 km a day for 15 – 30 days depending on the chosen route. If you’re an experienced hiker, this route isn’t challenging at all – besides the fact that it’s hilly here and there, the route is quite easy. You may also want to consider that Portugal has many stone-paved roads, so you’ll need suitable shoes.
Where does the Portuguese Way start?
You can start the Portuguese Way either in Lisbon or Porto. Some pilgrims prefer to start their journey to Santiago de Compostela in Tui.
Which Camino is best in Portugal?
You can choose one of the several routes of the Portuguese Camino. First, you can start in Lisbon, head to Porto, and then to Santiago de Compostela. Secondly, you can begin your Portuguese Camino de Santiago in Porto and choose one of the three routes: the Litoral Way, the Coastal Route, or the Central Route. You can also start your journey in Tui and walk 100 km to Santiago de Compostela. The most popular routes in Portugal are the Coastal and the Central Routes. However, there is no best route – just pick the one that suits your preferences and hiking experience.
What is the difference between the coastal and central Portuguese Camino?
The coastal Portuguese Camino is closer to the shore, while the central Portuguese Camino takes you through inland Portugal. Ultimately, your choice should depend on your preferences and hiking experience. It’s also worth noting that although the Coastal Way is usually less crowded than the Central Route, it has become incredibly popular in recent years, so you may still “share your journey” with many other pilgrims. In addition, don’t forget about the weather – if you walk the Portuguese Camino in April or October, you should prepare for strong winds and rainstorms.
What is the most scenic part of the Portuguese Camino?
The Litoral Way (Porto – Redondela) is the most scenic part of the Portuguese Camino.
This week was a good week for the Portuguese Olympic Team. Three more medals (two silver and one gold) were added to Patrícia Sampaio’s bronze in judo. The first was won by the cyclist Iúri Leitão in the omnium (cycling category), the second by David Pichardo in the triple jump, and the third by Iúri Leitão and Rui Oliveira in Madison (another cycling category).
Before the beginning of the Paris Olympics, Iúri Leitão, the 26 year-old Portuguese cyclist from Viana do Castelo, in the north of Portugal, said that he would be happy to win an Olympic Diploma, which is awarded to the top 8 cyclists. This was supposed to mean that he would be happy with 8th place. However, on Thursday, Leitão’s first race turned much better than he expected. The omnium champion of the world finished second because he chose not to finish first. When Benjamin Thomas fell, Iúri, like a true champion, chose not to attack and allowed the French to keep his gold medal.
On Friday, Pedro Pichardo, the Olympic champion in Tokyo three years ago, stayed two centimeters away from the gold. The Portuguese athlete was able to reach a mark of 17.84 meters but still lost to the Spanish Jórdan Diaz, who had already beat him at the European Championship in Rome.
On Saturday, Iúri Leitão finally took home the gold and became an icon of Portuguese cycling and Olympic history. Leitão along with Rui Ribeiro, a 27 year-old cyclist from Vila Nova de Gaia, made history and became the first two Portuguese athletes to win an Olympic gold outside of athletics. Cycling as a team, the two athletes won the final of Madison, another category of cycling, in epic fashion. Their perfectly executed plan was a true testament to bravery, cooperation, perseverance, and unity. As one, the two athletes won the 6th Olympic gold for Portugal.
With these medals, Pichardo and Iúri become the sixth and seventh athletes in the history of Portugal to reach the Olympic podium twice, bringing Portugal to a grand total of 32 Olympic medals in 31 editions of the Olympic Games. Portugal’s medals in four events in Paris tie with their results in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics – the most they have received in a single Olympic Games. If we count Iúri Leitão and Rui Oliveira’s medals individually, Portugal will bring home five medals from Paris.
The Portuguese wine company, Sogrape, will hold the Sogrape Impact Hack competition on September 19 which challenges students to present ideas and solutions that can reinvent the wine industry.
Sogrape Wines is a family-owned company focused on the production of quality wines, innovation, and the development of Portuguese brands. Even though it is family-owned, it is the biggest Portuguese wine company and has a strong international presence.
Taking place at Caves Ferreirinha in Vila Nova de Gaia, the Sogrape Impact Hack competition is a testament to the company’s commitment to innovation. Participants will have 12 hours to transform ideas into concrete solutions, leveraging innovative approaches in two key areas – direct to consumer and wine tourism.
The goal is for students to create innovative solutions that enable them to reinvent the wine industry by contributing to the construction of a more impactful and sustainable sector that is focused on attracting consumers, creating products, and implementing sustainable practices.
Participants can apply until September 11, and Sogrape will award the best three projects with 1,500, 1,000, and 500 euros, respectively. Winners will also have the opportunity to build and implement their projects within the company’s group, which holds several well-known wine brands, such as Mateus Rosé, Barca Velha, Esteva, Sandekan, and Porto Ferreira.
Sogrape was founded in 1942 by Fernando Van Zeller Guedes and is now managed by Fernando Cunha Guedes, a member of the third generation of the founding family. It has a presence in more than 120 markets globally and owns more than 1,600 acres of vineyard distributed between Portugal, Spain, Chile, Argentina, and New Zealand. Last year’s edition of the Impact Hack competition had more than 100 participants.
A financial aid package of 2.5 million euros will be created and used to train immigrants to work in the tourism sector.
On July 4, as part of the Accelerate the Economy program, the Portuguese Government announced that 2.5 million euros from the budget of the government entity, Tourism of Portugal, will be used as an aid package to create and deploy a program to integrate immigrants and refugees.
In its first phase, this new program is estimated to be able to provide help to 1000 people, so that they can get the necessary training to work in the tourism sector.
Even though there are still no official dates, the communication states that the training will include two phases. The first phase will consist of educational training (both theoretical and practical) provided by the network of hospitality and tourism schools belonging to Tourism of Portugal, which will also finance the first phase. The second phase, on the other hand, will consist of a professional internship at one of the hospitality and/or tourism companies that choose to adhere to the program and will be paid for by the company in question.
The program will “welcome professionals and non-professionals, for a training/integration project that aims to contribute to the improvement of the conditions of integration of refugees and migrants in Portugal.” Due to the current state of the hospitality and tourism sector and the shortage of well-trained professionals, the program will benefit both migrants and the country’s economy.
The objectives of the program include the development of “strategic partnerships for the qualification and integration of young people” in the countries belonging to the CPLP (Community of Countries of Portuguese Language), which is a multilateral organization formed by the nine countries that have Portuguese as an official language (Angola, Brazil, Cabo Verde, Equatorial Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Mozambique, Portugal, São Tomé e Príncipe, and Timor Leste).
Being a citizen or resident of Portugal now comes with free access to 37 museums, monuments, and palaces across the country for 52 days a year. And the best part is? You get to choose the days.
Wider Access to Culture
In an effort to promote cultural heritage and accessibility, the Portuguese government has just announced this new initiative, effective immediately. Previously, free access was restricted to Sundays and holidays, a policy implemented by the government of António Costa. The new government, led by Luís Montenegro, has expanded this initiative, allowing visits on any day of the week. This change aims to spread visitor numbers more evenly throughout the week, reducing weekend overcrowding and long queues.
How It Works
To benefit from this program, citizens and residents only need to present their citizen or resident card and NIF (tax identification number) at the ticket office of the museum or monument they wish to visit. This day will then be deducted from their annual quota of 52 free access days. Any free access day allows free access ALL day, which means that you can visit multiple museums and monuments for free on the same day.
See 16 Sites for Free in Lisbon
The Lisbon metropolitan area alone is home to 16 of these 37 cultural facilities. Notable sites include:
Monastery of the Jerónimos
Museum of Popular Art
National Museum of Archaeology
National Museum of Ancient Art
Museu Nacional de Arte Contemporânea — Museu do Chiado
Museum of Ethnology
Museu Nacional do Azulejo
National Museum of Theatre and Dance
National Costume Museum
Museu Nacional dos Coches and Picadeiro Real
Ajuda National Palace
National Pantheon
Belém Tower
House-Museum Dr. Anastácio Gonçalves
National Palace of Mafra, Mafra
National Museum of Music, Mafra
It’s important to note that this free access applies only to heritage sites managed by the central state. Many other museums and monuments, particularly those under municipal management, such as those overseen by Lisbon Cultura, have their own rules and tariffs. Lisbon Cultura, for example, offers free access through the Culture Pass for young people up to 23 years old and seniors over 65.
Mafra National Palace’s Library, Photo by Miguel Angel Crespo (Flickr)Belem Tower. Photo by Tânia Mousinho (Unsplash)
When You Can Visit Sintra for Free
Residents of Portugal will continue to enjoy free access to parks and monuments managed by Parques de Sintraon Sundays and holidays. To take advantage of this offer, visitors must present their citizen or resident card at the monument’s ticket office on the day of their visit. Parques de Sintra oversees the following sites:
Pena National Palace
The Moorish Castle
National Palace of Sintra
Monserrate Palace
Capuchos Convent
Queluz National Palace
Chalet and Garden of the Countess of Edla
Villa Sassetti
Cabo da Roca Lighthouse
Pena National Palace, Photo by Julia Solonina (Unsplash)Vitor Oliveira, Convent of the Capuchos, Flickr
Other Sites You Can Now Visit for Free
Convent of Christ in Tomar
Sagres Fortress in Vila do Bispo
Monastery of Alcobaça in Alcobaça
Batalha Monastery (Monastery of Santa Maria da Vitória) in Batalha
Museum of Alberto Sampaio and extension at the Palacete de Santiago in Guimarães
Museum of Lamego in Lamego
José Malhoa Museum in Caldas da Rainha
Museum of Ceramics in Caldas da Rainha
National Museum of Resistance and Freedom in Peniche
National Museum of Conímbriga in Condeixa-a-Velha
National Museum of Machado de Castro in Coimbra
National Museum of Soares dos Reis and Casa-Museum Fernando de Castro in Porto
Frei Manuel do Cenáculo National Museum and Mercês Church in Évora
Grão Vasco National Museum in Viseu
The Queen D Museum. Leonor and extension in the Church of Santo Amaro in Beja
Paço dos Duques, Guimarães Castle, and Church of São Miguel do Castelo in Guimarães
The Museum D. Diogo de Sousa in Braga
Museum of Biscainhos in Braga
Museum of Terra de Miranda in Miranda Douro
Abbot of Baçal Museum in Bragança
Museum Dr. Joaquim Manso in Nazaré
Convent of Christ. Photo by Guillén Pérez (Flickr)Alcobaça Monastery, Photo by IA Photography (Flickr)
Final Thoughts
The new Portugese government emphasized that free access is a cornerstone of the government’s cultural program. The goal is to increase the number of visits and allow wider access to Portugal’s cultural sites. While there are concerns about potential loss in revenue, the expectation is that the increase in tourists will help balance out the cutural investments. Citizens and residents of Portugal, we hope that you enjoy wider access to these incredible cultural sites. Now that you can visit for free, which museum are you going to visit first?
Portugal – land of fine wines, golden beaches, and a rich history that stretches to the ends of time. However, there is a deeper layer, long before the Moors and the Romans. We’re talking about Portugal’s Celtic roots, a heritage often obscured by the civilizations that followed, but still vibrant in the hills and valleys of our country.
The Celts, a group of warrior and spiritual tribes, spread across much of Europe during the Iron Age, notably in the first millennium BC. Their presence in Portugal is marked by fortifications, monuments, and rituals that still intrigue and fascinate today. To feel the true essence of this heritage, you need to venture beyond the usual tourist routes and immerse yourself in the places where Celtic ruins still remain.
Castro de São Lourenço
Let’s start our journey in the north, at the São Lourenço hillfort. Located in the parish of Vila Chã, in Esposende, this is one of the best-preserved hillforts in the country. Its walls and circular stone houses speak of a time when the community lived in harmony with nature but was also under constant threat of invasion. Walking along the winding paths that lead to the top of the hill, it is easy to imagine the Celtic warriors watching over the valleys below, always ready to defend their territory.
Castro de S. Lourenço, Vítor Ribeiro, Flickr
The view from the summit is breathtaking, a reward for those who dare to explore its heights. The stones that form the houses and walls tell stories of lives lived in times of uncertainty and courage. The site is also the scene of historical re-enactments and cultural events that aim to bring ancient times to life.
Citânia de Briteiros
Not far away, in Guimarães, we find Citânia de Briteiros, one of Portugal’s most impressive archaeological sites. This large Celtic settlement was excavated at the end of the 19th century by Francisco Martins Sarmento and revealed a complex network of streets, houses, and community buildings. The stones engraved with enigmatic symbols and the communal hot springs reveal an advanced and spiritual civilization. Here, you can imagine the rituals that united the community.
Detail of a circular house, with the great thickness of the walls visible, Citânia de Briteiros Donald Judge, CC BY 2.0, Wikimedia Commons
The local museum complements the visit, offering artifacts and information that put the daily life of the ancient Celts into context. The thermal baths, in particular, are a fascinating window into the hygiene and social practices of the period.
Castro de Santa Trega
We continue northwest, on the border with Galicia, where the Castro de Santa Trega (or Santa Tecla) stands imposingly over the River Miño (also known as the River Minho). Although it is technically in Spanish territory, its proximity and historical importance make it an essential stop for understanding the Celtic influence on the Iberian Peninsula. This huge settlement offers breathtaking views and a palpable sense of history. The remains of the houses and walls are complemented by a series of museums and exhibitions that bring Celtic life to the fore.
The climb up the hill is an experience in itself, with winding paths taking visitors through breathtaking scenery. At the top, the ruins offer a clear view of the social and architectural organization of the Celts. The panoramic view of the River Miño and the Atlantic is breathtaking, providing a sense of connection with the ancient inhabitants who also contemplated these same landscapes.
View of the northern neighborhood, Castro na ladeira do Monte de Santa Tegra, Henrique Pereira, Wikimedia Commons
Sete Cidades
In the heart of the Alentejo, we find the Sete Cidades settlement, one of Portugal’s oldest and most mysterious hill forts. Located near Viana do Alentejo, this archaeological site dates back to the Iron Age and is shrouded in legend and mystery. The partially excavated ruins suggest a robust Celtic community that prospered thanks to agriculture and trade. The remains of fortifications and dwellings demonstrate the ingenuity and resilience of this ancient people.
The Alentejo, with its vast landscapes and open skies, provides a unique setting for exploring Celtic ruins. The tranquillity of the place allows for deep reflection on life in ancient times, and the lack of tourists makes the experience even more authentic. The local legends, passed down from generation to generation, add a touch of mystery and fascination to the place.
Moorish Castle
Although the name suggests a different origin, the Moorish Castle in Sintra actually has roots dating back to Celtic times. Situated on top of a green hill, this castle offers breathtaking panoramic views and an aura of mystery. Before the Moors arrived and built the castle, the site was sacred to the Celts, who erected a strategic fort there. The ancient energies can still be felt as you walk along the ramparts and contemplate the vast landscape below.
The Castle of the Moors, Sintra. Photo by Viktoriia Rusu
Sintra, with its peculiar microclimate and enchanting landscapes, provides the perfect setting for exploring the ancient Celtic ruins. The castle, with its towers and imposing walls, evokes a sense of majesty. The trails that surround the site are ideal for hiking, offering an intimate connection with nature and history.
Citânia de Sanfins
In the municipality of Paços de Ferreira is the Citânia de Sanfins, an important Celtic settlement that stands out for its complexity and preservation. The ruins of this settlement are vast and include walls, dwellings, and an acropolis. Excavations have revealed artifacts that offer a detailed insight into the life of the Celts, from domestic utensils to weapons and ornaments.
Citânia de Sanfins, I, Henrique Matos, CC BY 2.5, Wikimedia Commons
The Citânia de Sanfins is a site of great archaeological and historical interest. The adjoining museum displays many of the finds and offers an in-depth understanding of Celtic culture. Guided tours are recommended for those who want a more enriching experience, which allows for full immersion in the history and legends of the site.
Monte Mozinho
Monte Mozinho, also known as the “Dead City”, is one of the largest hillforts on the Iberian Peninsula. Located in the municipality of Penafiel, this archaeological site covers an extensive area and has a complex network of streets and buildings. Excavations have revealed an advanced social structure, with well-defined residential, commercial, and religious areas.
Monte Mozinho, Samuel, Flickr
Exploring Monte Mozinho is a unique experience, with its ruins offering a clear view of life in Celtic times. The site is surrounded by beautiful natural landscapes, which provides a peaceful and picturesque environment. The well-marked trails make it easy to explore, and the presence of information panels helps to put the historical importance of the site into context.
Citânia de Santa Luzia
In Viana do Castelo, the Citânia de Santa Luzia is another fascinating example of a Celtic fort. Located on top of a hill, it offers panoramic views over the surrounding region. The ruins include walls, dwellings and communal areas, showing a well-structured social organization.
The site is easily accessible and popular with visitors looking for an enriching historical experience. The ruins are well preserved, and it’s easy to explore at your own pace. The proximity to other tourist attractions in Viana do Castelo makes it an ideal destination for a day trip.
Citânia de Santa Luzia, Vitor Oliveira, Flickr
Final Thoughts
Beyond the physical ruins, the Celtic influence persists in Portuguese traditions and customs. Festivals and rituals, such as the São João Festival in Porto and the celebration of the Summer Solstice, have deep roots in ancient Celtic rites that celebrated fertility, the harvest, and the eternal cycle of nature. The circle dances, bonfires, and offerings are an echo of times gone by, a living link to our ancestral past.
These traditions are particularly evident in rural regions, where ancient customs are fervently maintained. Folk music and dances often incorporate elements dating back to Celtic practices, which create a tangible connection between the present and the past. Taking part in these celebrations is a way of experiencing the living heritage of the Celts in Portugal.
The preservation of Celtic ruins in Portugal is an ongoing challenge. Modernization and development threaten many of these ancient sites, but there is a growing effort to protect and promote this heritage. Archaeological and cultural organizations are working to ensure that these relics are not only monuments of the past, but also sources of inspiration and knowledge for future generations.
Last Sunday, the Portuguese Embassy in Tehran asked all Portuguese nationals in Iran to leave the country due to the increasing regional tensions and related security risks.
Last week, as tensions in the Middle East continued to escalate, Israeli forces killed the leader of Hamas on Iranian soil, in Tehran, and the Lebanese group, Hezbollah, has promised retaliation. Subsequently, Tel Aviv, through the Minister of Defense, Yoav Gallant, affirmed that anyone who dares to attack Israel will pay a very heavy price.
Several countries have publicly and explicitly expressed their concerns regarding this escalation. The fear is that it will further intensify the conflict and lead to more military action.
With the Iranian airspace possibly closing and many airlines already canceling their flights, the Portuguese Embassy in Tehran advises Portuguese nationals to leave the country as soon as possible.
For those who cannot or will not leave, the Embassy urges them not to travel, especially to specific zones like the borders with Afghanistan and Iraq, not to take photos, videos, or show any signs of protest, and to stay away from public spaces.
Note that, according to the Embassy’s website, all external communications (with those outside of Iran) are restricted, and social media is blocked.
Calouste Sarkis Gulbenkian was one of the wealthiest men of the early 20th century and moved to Portugal during the middle of World War II. When he died in 1955, he left nearly his entire fortune to a foundation to be headquartered under his name in Lisbon. Here are nine incredible facts about this one-of-a-kind individual whose foundation continues to fund arts and culture to this day in Portugal.
1. Gulbenkian was born into a successful Armenian family.
Calouste Sarkis Gulbenkian was born on March 23, 1869, in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) to an Armenian family. His father and uncle ran an import/export business trading carpets, wool, and kerosene from the Caucasus. By the time Calouste was 23, the family business had joined a network of family-based trading partnerships across the Ottoman Empire. Even before Calouste was born, the family supported the construction of schools, churches, and hospitals.
Calouste Gulbenkian, age 3, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons
2. Calouste Gulbenkian bridged East and West through his business.
Gulbenkian was highly educated. He studied engineering at King’s College London, graduating in 1887, and later pursued further studies in petroleum engineering in Baku, Azerbaijan, one of the early centers of the oil industry. His fluency in Armenian, French, and English helped him in his negotiations with diplomats around the world.
Gulbenkian in 1889 at the age of 20, newly graduated from King’s College, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons
3. He realized the potential of oil in the Middle East early on.
Gulbenkian played a crucial role in the development of the Middle Eastern oil industry. He brokered the landmark 1907 agreement that led to the formation of the Royal Dutch Shell company, becoming one of the first to realize the vast potential of Middle Eastern oil reserves. Gulbenkian was the driving force behind the creation of the Turkish Petroleum Company (TPC) in 1912, which was a consortium of the largest European oil companies aiming to gain the rights for oil exploration and development of the Ottoman Territory of Mesopotamia.
4. His nickname is “ Five Percent.”
Gulbenkian earned his nickname, “Mr. Five Percent,” by securing a 5% share in almost all major oil companies in the Middle East, including the Turkish Petroleum Company. This strategic move made him an immensely wealthy man and a key player in the global oil market. He famously stated, “”Better a small piece of a big pie, than a big piece of a small one.”
5. He had one of the most impressive art collections in the world.
Gulbenkian was an avid art collector. His collection included over 6,000 works by Rembrandt, Monet, Renoir, and Degas, among others. Today, his extensive art collection is housed in the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum in Lisbon, which attracts art enthusiasts from around the world. We recommend that you visit just for the René Lalique collection alone.
A piece in the Réne Lalique room at the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Photo by Becky Gillespie
6. He was truly a citizen of the world.
Throughout his life, Gulbenkian lived in multiple countries, including Turkey, France, the United Kingdom, and Portugal. His cosmopolitan lifestyle and ability to adapt to different cultures contributed to his success as an international businessman.
7. He had diplomatic and negotiation skills like no other.
Gulbenkian’s negotiations and diplomatic skills were legendary. He was able to navigate the complex political and economic landscapes of his time, forging partnerships and agreements that benefited all parties involved. He became the financial and economic adviser to the Turkish embassies in London and Paris, and later, chief financial adviser to the Turkish government and a director of the National Bank of Turkey.
When the Ottoman Empire was being dismantled, Gulbenkian was right at the center of negotiations for which companies could invest in the Turkish Petroleum Company. As part of the deal, Gulbenkian secured 5% rights for himself.
8. Once he moved to Portugal, he never left again.
In 1942, in the middle of World War II, Gulbenkian fled from France to Portugal, where he lived in a luxurious suite in the Aziz Hotel in Lisbon until his death in 1955. He became a naturalized Portuguese citizen and later received the Grand Cross of the Order of Christ from the Portuguese government for his services to the country.
Gulbenkian’s home on 51 Avenue d’Iéna in Paris, where he kept most of his art, Public Domain, Wikimedia Commons
9. Upon his death, he left most of his fortune to Portugal
When Gulbenkian died, his fortune was estimated to be between US$280 million and US$840 million. In his will, he left his art collection and the majority of his fortune to the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, which was mandated to be set up after his death and be dedicated to the promotion of the arts, philanthropy, science, and education.
Today, it is one of the wealthiest charitable foundations in the world and hosts numerous initiatives and institutions and initiatives including the Gulbenkian Commission, the Gulbenkian Science Institute, the Gulbenkian Prizes, and the Gulbenkian Orchestra, which is next to the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum in Lisbon.
Calouste Gulbenkian Museum. Photo by Rui Alves (Unsplash)
Never forgetting his Armenian legacy, Gulbenkian gave back to Armenian communities worldwide throughout his life. The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation’s Armenian Communities Department distributes scholarships to Armenian students pursuing their education all over the world. The Foundation also supports the preservation of the Armenian language as well as Armenian societies and culture.
Final Thoughts
Calouste Gulbenkian played a pivotal role in the 20th century through his work in the oil industry. His life was marked by keen business acumen, philanthropy, and a passion for art and culture. Without the German invasion of France in WWII and Portugal’s neutrality, the Gulbenkian name would likely never have become part of Portuguese history. Today, it is an indelible part of Portugal’s legacy
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